Coasts Questions

Question 1

Identify the process by which rocks are broken down in situ.

Answer 1

Weathering.

Question 2

Which one of the following is the term for the downhill movement of material due to gravity?

Answer 2

Mass movement.

Question 3

State the term for the movement of sediment along a beach.

Answer 3

Longshore drift.

Question 4

Identify the process shown by arrow 3 in figure 1.

Answer 4

Backwash.

Question 5

Explain how waves transport material.

Answer 5

The largest materials such as boulders is rolled along the beach in a process called Traction.

Question 6

State two differences between destructive and constructive waves.

Answer 6

Destructive waves are whereby the swash is weak and the backwash is strong.
However, constructive waves are low-energy waves that occur in calmer conditions.

Question 7

Identify the UK’s climatic type.

Answer 7

Temperate but wet.

Question 8

State one type of weathering that affects rocks along the coastline.

Answer 8

Coastal erosion.

Question 9

Define the term coastal erosion.

Answer 9

Coastal erosion is the gradual wearing away of material.

Question 10

Identify the landforms found at a and b.

Answer 10

Headland and a bay.

Question 11

Explain the formation of a wave-cut platform.

Answer 11

1} The rock face overhangs. 
2} The wave-cut notch showing undercutting by the waves. 
3} The cliff retreats inland. 
4} The overhanging rock has collapsed. 
5} This forms the wave-cut platform.

Question 12

Name the coastal process shown in figure 1.

Answer 12

Coastal recession.

Question 13

Explain one way in which industry can change the coastal environment.

Answer 13

• It can increase air, noise and visual pollution.
• Can destroy habitats for birds, animals and sea life.
• Brings wealth and jobs to an area.

Question 14

Explain how coastal recession and flooding can affect the environment.

Answer 14

• Increased deposition further along the coast.

- Wildlife habitats destroyed.

Question 15

Identify the coastal protection technique labelled b in figure 1.

Answer 15

Sea wall.

Question 16

Explain how this technique helps to prevent coastal erosion.

Answer 16

• Protects cliffs and buildings.

Question 17

Examine influential factors that are causing it to change.

Answer 17

Named coastal landscape: Holderness coast.
Coastal process, mass movement and transport.
Hard engineering and the prevention of transport.

Question 18

Explain why beaches can be firmed of different sediment types.

Answer 18

Beaches can be sandy or pebbly. Shingle beaches are usually found where cliffs are being eroded and where waves are powerful.

Question 19

Explain the formation of a spit.

Answer 19

1} Spits form where there is a change of wind direction.
2} Prevailing winds mean waves come in at an angle.
3} Sediment is transported by longshore drift and deposition.
4} The spit may be curved because of the change of wind direction.

Question 20

Explain how strong winds and storms can increase the rate of coastal erosion.

Answer 20

• Coasts are often subject to strong winds increasing the eroding power of the waves.
• Frequent storms can damage coastal landforms like spits.
• Beach sediment can be removed from a section of coastline.
• Sand dunes can be removed by storms.