Cog dev revisited

Question 1

What happens to processing speed in adolescence?

Answer 1

• develops rapidly through childhood and continues to develop through adolescence

Question 2

What reasoning measures can be used to assess cognitive ability?

Answer 2

• matrix reasoning: complete set
• block design: remember pattern
• concept formation: identify a rule
• analysis synthesis: complete missing parts

Question 3

What biologically drives the change in processing speed throughout adolescence?

Answer 3

• white matter maturation and increased myelination

Question 4

How does STM change during adolescence?

Answer 4

improves

Question 5

What is the encoding switch hypothesis (face processing)?

Answer 5

• children rely on individual features to process faces
• adolescents and adults rely on a configuration of features

Question 6

At what age does face processing fully develop?

Answer 6

16

Question 7

What is selective attention?

Answer 7

allocate resources to a specific subject

Question 8

What task can be used to measure selective attention?

Answer 8

central incidence task
- adolescents are more likely than children to remember items from a central category
- better selective attention

Question 9

How can perception be assessed?

What is shown in children compared to adolescents?

Answer 9

ambiguous figures
- 3-5 years see one figure
- 11-13 are more flexible
perception becomes more flexible with age

Question 10

What memory strategies do young children use compared to older children?

Answer 10

young: rehearsal
older: elaboration strategy e.g organisation (cluster effect: actively organise material)

Question 11

What WM tasks did Luciana et al test 9-20 year olds on?

Answer 11

1. non verbal facial recognition
2. delayed spatial recall
3. spatial memory span
4. spatial self ordered search

Question 12

What did Luciana et al find?