Cognitive Development in the Primary Years Flashcards
Define Piaget’s concrete operational stage
Thinking becomes more abstract but requires concrete objects
Ages 5-12
What is decentration?
Coordination of 2 ideas at once
What is reversibility?
Mental reverse of the steps of a process
What is causality?
Understanding cause and effect
What is multiple classification?
The ability to categorize objects in more than one way
What does Piaget’s theory underestimate?
The ages at which abilities emerge
The role of culture and social interaction on development
What is verbal thought?
The ability to consciously manipulate language in one’s mind
What is zone of proximal development?
Task is beyond the child’s ability so an adult can guide with hints, questions, and modeling
According to the information processing theory, the ability to store and retrieve information involves:
Perception
Encoding
Consolidation
Retrieval
What are the two options for consolidation?
Assimilation and accommodation
Memory is embedded in:
Reasoning
Emotion
Attention
Language
What are the types of content memory?
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Procedural memory
What are the different memory senses?
Visual, verbal and scent memory
T/F In individualistic cultures, more focus and reliance is placed on shared memories
False! Collectivistic
What is metacognition?
The ability to think about your own mental processes
T/F There are significant gaps in school achievement between Euro-American children and children from historically underrepresented groups, particularly in urban areas
T
What can impact success in school?
Clashes in cognitive style
Teacher bias
Poverty
Family attitude towards school
What are some classroom accommodations that could improve success?
Address multiple learning styles
Allow kids to take as long as they need on a learning task
How can we support cognitive development in the primary years?
Provide hands on experiences Encourage kids to: -Think out loud -Make judgements -Determine causes
