Cold War (Early tensions - pages 1-4)

Question 1

When was the Grand Alliance created? (pg1)

Answer 1

1941

Question 2

What was the Grand Alliances formation known as? (pg1)

Answer 2

A ‘Marriage of Convenience’

Question 3

When was the Tehran conference? (pg1)

Answer 3

November-December 1943

Question 4

What was agreed at Tehran (1st)? Give 4 agreements. (pg1)

Answer 4

• USSR would declare war on Japan after Germany defeat
• Britain and USA agree to open a second front by invading Nazi occupied Europe
• Polands boundaries moved west - gaining German territory, but losing some to the USSR
• International body set up to settle future disputes (outline for UN)

Question 5

When was the Yalta conference? (pg1)

Answer 5

February 1945

Question 6

What was agreed at Yalta conference? Give 4 agreements. (pg1)

Answer 6

• Germany to be divided, demilitarised and to pay reparations
• Europe would have democratic elections
• United Nations set up
• Poland in ‘Soviet sphere of influence’, ran on a democratic basis

Question 7

When was the Potsdam Conference? (pg1)

Answer 7

July-August 1945

Question 8

What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference? Give 3 agreements. (pg1)

Answer 8

• Council of Foreign Ministers set up to organise the rebuilding of Europe
• Nazi Party banned
• Germany divided into 4 zones of occupation ran by France, Britain, USA and USSR

Question 9

What order are the three Conferences? (pg1)

Answer 9

Tehran, Yalta, Potsdam

Question 10

What was the outcome of the three conferences? (pg1)

Answer 10

• Tension was increasing due to the Grand Alliances differences (ideologically and nuclear)
• After Roosevelt’s death, Truman become President - he was very distrustful of Stalin

Question 11

Why wasn’t Britain involved in the Superpowers post WW2? (pg 2)

Answer 11

Britain was financially exhausted after the war, and couldn’t afford to stand up to the Soviet Union, becoming a US ally instead

Question 12

What gave the US a huge military advantage? (pg 2)

Answer 12

The atomic bomb they dropped on Japan (to end WW2)

Question 12

What’s ideology? (pg 3)

Answer 12

A set of political beliefs on how society should be run

Question 12

Why did US and USSR tensions increase? (pg 3)

Answer 12

They had different ideology and no common enemy anymore, along with the atomic bomb

Question 12

What did Capitalist countries say Communism did? And what was Capitalism based on? (pg 3)

Answer 12

Communism ‘enslaved people to the state’.
Capitalism was based on democracy and freedom

Question 12

What did Communist countries say Capitalist did? And what was Communism based on? (pg 3)

Answer 12

Capitalism ‘exploited workers to make the rich richer’.
Communism was based on fairness

Question 12

When were the Telegrams written? (pg 3)

Answer 12

1946

Question 12

What did the Long Telegram state about the USSR? Give 3 things. (pg 3)

Answer 12

• USSR saw capitalism as a threat to communism that had to be destroyed
• USSR is building its military power
• Peace between these superpowers was impossible

Question 12

What did the Novikov Telegram state about the US? Give 3 things. (pg 3)

Answer 12

• US wanted world domination
• USSR was the only country left able to stand up to the US
• US was preparing for war with the Soviet Union

Question 13

Between what years did the satellite states develop Communist rule? (pg 4)

Answer 13

1947-1949

Question 13

At Yalta and Potsdam, USSR agreed to democratic elections, did they stick to this? (pg 4)

Answer 13

No, they were rigged to ensure the Communist Party won.
They even shut down the opposition (known as ‘salami tactics’)