Common Gastrointestinal System Symptoms of Illness in Children

Question 1

Vomiting (Treatment)

Answer 1

Withhold food from the stomach for a
time
🠶 Sips of fluid
🠶 Clear soup and dry crackers to soft diet
🠶 Oral Rehydration Salts

Question 2

Caused by virus (rotaviruses or adenoviruses)
🠶 Most common pathogens:
🠶 Campylobacter jejuni,
🠶 Salmonella
🠶 Giardia lamblia
🠶 Clostridium difficile
🠶 Escherichia coli
🠶 Caused by malabsorption or inflammation

Answer 2

Diarrhea

Question 3

Bacterial Infection Causing
Diarrhea and Vomiting

Answer 3

Shigellosis (Dysentery)

🠶 Salmonella

Question 4

Bacterial Infection Causing Diarrhea and
Vomiting

Answer 4

Staphyloccocal Food Poisoning
🠶 Causative agent: Staphylococcal enterotoxin produced by
some strains of Staphylococcus aureus

Question 5

Common Disorders of the Stomach
and Duodenum

Answer 5

Diarrhea
Infectious Gastroenteritis
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease
(GERD)
Hiatal Hernia

Question 6

A disturbance of the intestinal tract that alters
motility and absorption and accelerates the
excretion of intestinal contents.

Answer 6

Diarrhea/Gastroenteritis
Severe

Question 7

The cardiac sphincter and lower
portion of the esophagus are weak,
allowing regurgitation of gastric
contents back into the esophagus.

Answer 7

Gastroesophageal Reflux
Disease
(GERD)

Question 8

The pylorus muscle which is at the distal end of the
stomach becomes thickened causing constriction
of the pyloric canal between the stomach and the
duodenum and obstruction of the gastric outlet of
the stomach.

Answer 8

Pyloric Stenosis

Question 9

Is the intermittent protrusion of the
stomach up through the esophageal
opening in the diaphragm. When this
occurs, the volume of the stomach is
suddenly restricted, leading to periodic
vomiting similar to that of
gastroesophageal reflux

Answer 9

Hiatal Hernia

Question 10

Is a shallow excavation formed in the
mucosal wall of the stomach, the
pylorus, or the duodenum. In infants,
ulcers tend to be gastric; in adolescents,
they are usually duodenal.
Primarily caused by H. Pylori

Answer 10

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Question 11

Essential for the metabolism of CHO, CHON,
fats
🠶 Maintenance of normal blood glucose
🠶 Assist in catabolism of fatty acids and protein and
serves as a temporary storage for fat and protein
🠶 Convert indirect to direct bilirubin
🠶 Produces body heat
🠶 Manufactures bile (digestion of fat), fibrinogen
and prothrombin (clotting), heparin (prevent
blood clots

Answer 11

LIVER