Common Injury + compartments Flashcards
(14 cards)
What foot position typically causes injury to the medial malleolus?
Eversion
Which ligament is stressed during an eversion injury?
Deltoid ligament (medial ligament complex)
Which is more common: inversion or eversion ankle sprains?
Inversion sprains
What type of ankle injury is associated with bruising on the lateral side?
Inversion injury
What structure may fracture during eversion injuries?
Medial malleolus
Which side bruises in an eversion injury?
Medial side of the ankle and foot
Posterior Dislocation of hip (90% of cases)
Mechanism: Axial force on flexed, adducted hip (e.g., dashboard injury in car crash)
Leg Position: Shortened, internally rotated, adducted
Nerve Risk: Sciatic nerve injury (10–20%)
X-ray: Femoral head displaced superior and posterior to acetabulum
Anterior Dislocation of hip (rare)
Mechanism: Forced extension, abduction, and external rotation
Leg Position: Externally rotated, abducted, lengthened
Nerve Risk: Femoral nerve or lateral cutaneous nerve injury
X-ray: Femoral head displaced inferior and anterior
n.b. ✅ Posterior dislocations are more common and more neurologically risky.
Anterior compartment of Arm (Brachium)
Anterior: Biceps, brachialis | Nerve: Musculocutaneous
Posterior compartment of Arm (Brachium)
Posterior: Triceps | Nerve: Radial
Anterior compartment of Forearm
Anterior (flexor):
Flexors, pronator teres
Nerve: Median
Posterior compartment of Forearm
Posterior (extensor): Extensors
Nerve: Radial
Compartments of thigh
Anterior: Quadriceps | Nerve: Femoral
Medial: Adductors | Nerve: Obturator
Posterior: Hamstrings | Nerve: Tibial (branch of sciatic)
Compartments of Leg (below knee)
Anterior: Tibialis anterior | Nerve: Deep fibular
Lateral: Fibularis longus/brevis | Nerve: Superficial fibular
Superficial posterior: Gastrocnemius/soleus | Nerve: Tibial
Deep posterior: Tibialis posterior, flexors | Nerve: Tibial
