Surgery, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy Flashcards
(14 cards)
What are the 5 main types of cancer surgery?
Diagnosis (biopsy), staging (e.g., laparoscopy), curative resection, reconstruction, palliation/debulking
What does “R0 resection” mean?
Complete tumor removal with clear margins (no microscopic residual disease)
When is lymph node dissection performed?
For staging (N1-N2) or if nodes drain the tumor area (radical surgery)
Name 3 complications of abdominal surgery
Anastomotic leak, incisional hernia, bowel obstruction
What is the unit of radiation dose?
Gray (Gy); 1 Gy = 1 joule/kg tissue
Name 4 cancers treated with curative radiotherapy
Prostate, cervical, head/neck SCC, anal cancer
What is the role of brachytherapy in cervical cancer?
Delivers high-dose radiation locally (e.g., 21Gy in 3 fractions after chemoradiation)
Name 2 acute vs. late side effects of breast radiotherapy.
Acute: Skin reaction, fatigue. Late: Lung fibrosis, rib fractures
What are the 4 main goals of chemotherapy?
Curative (e.g., germ cell), neoadjuvant (shrink pre-op), adjuvant (post-op micro-mets), palliative
Match the drug to its class:
5-FU
Cisplatin
Doxorubicin
Paclitaxel
5-FU → Antimetabolite
Cisplatin → Platinum agent
Doxorubicin → Topoisomerase II inhibitor
Paclitaxel → Taxane (tubulin binder)
What is Bleomycin’s unique toxicity?
Pulmonary fibrosis + flagellate erythema (skin streaks)
Which chemo drug causes raspberry-red urine?
Doxorubicin (anthracycline)
What is the key difference between SCLC and NSCLC treatment?
SCLC: Chemo ± PCI (radiosensitive); NSCLC: Surgery for early stage, targeted therapy for mutations (EGFR/ALK)
Name 2 palliative surgical procedures
Stenting (biliary/GI obstruction), nerve ablation (pain control)
