Common Surgical Instruments Part 1 (2) Flashcards by Abbie Chase

T/F: You can use Metzenbaum scissors to cut suture

FALSE

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What are the most common scalpels in veterinary medicine?

reusable scalpel handles (#3 and #4)

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Name? Use?

No. 10 blade

most commonly used in small animal surgery for incision and excision of tissues

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No. 15 blade

smaller version of a No. 10 and is used for precise incisions in smaller tissues

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Name? Use?

No. 11 blade

ideal for stab incisions into fluid-filled structures or organs

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Name? Use?

No. 12 blade

most often used in cats for elective dissection onychectomy (declawing)

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Label from left to right, top to bottom

No. 3
No. 4
No. 10
No. 11
No. 12
No. 15
No. 20

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When incising the skin, the scalpel blade should be kept [parallel/perpendicular] to the skin surface

perpendicular

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What are the types of scalpel grips?

pencil grip
fingertip grip
palmed grip

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What is the pencil grip?

allows shorter (1-2 cm), finer, and more precise incisions than the other grips because the scalpel is at a 30-40 degree greater angle to the tissue

this angle reduces cutting edge contact, making this grip less useful for long incisions

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Grip?

pencil grip

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Grip?

fingertip (slide) grip

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What are the characteristics of the fingertip (slide) grip?

offers the best accuracy and stability for long (>2cm incisions)

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Grip?

palmed grip

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What are characteristics of the palmed grip?

strongest hold on the scalpel
allows exertion of great pressure on the tissue
often unnecessary in surgical situations

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What is the area between the jaws and shank called?

box lock

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What is the thing between the ring handles called?

ratchet

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What are the benefits of curved scissors?

offer greater maneuverability and visibility

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What are the benefits of straight scissors?

provide the greatest mechanical advantage when cutting tough or thick tissue

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What are the two most common scissors in small animal surgery?

metzenbaum
mayo

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When do you use Metzenbaum scissors?

designed for sharp and blunt dissection or incision of finer tissues

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When do you use Mayo scissors?

used for cutting dense, heavy tissue, like fascia

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What are these?

suture scissors or blunt-sharp (NOT suture removal scissors)

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What are these?

suture removal scissors - have a concavity on one blade to gently hook the suture away from the skin and facilitate easy removal

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What are these?

iris scissors

What are iris scissors?

often used in ophthalmic procedures and other meticulous surgeries, such as perineal urethrostomy, that require fine, precise cuts

What are these? Describe

bandage scissors - have a blunt tip, which reduces the risk of cutting skin when the scissors are introduced under the bandage

How do you hold scissors for surgery?

held with the tips of the thumb and ring finger through the finger rings and with the index finger resting on the shanks near the fulcrum - should not fall through handle rings should be kept near the **distal finger joint** (wide-based tripod grip)

What is the most efficient way to hold scissors?

Grip?

backhand grip

Grip?

wide-based tripod grip

What is the backhand grip - scissors?

typically used for cutting from left to right (less awkward) thumb and middle finger through the rings with handle resting on third and fourth fingers

Why should you cut with scissors using your right hand?

the natural pushing of the thumb and pulling of the fingers in a gripping motion applies the **maximal shear and torque** to the blades

Using the [front/end] of the scissor blade stabilizes tissue more securely and allows a more precise cut

end

What is blunt dissection? What is it used for?

separation of tissue by inserting the points and opening the handle used to separate loosely bound tissues, such as muscle or fat, or to undermine skin edges for wound closure

When should blunt dissection not be used?

in tougher tissue or where precise cuts are possible

Scissor type?

stitch (suture removal)

Scissor type?

sharp-blunt

Scissor type?

Metzenbaum

Scissor type?

Mayo wire

Scissor type?

tenotomy (iris)

What do needle holders do?

grasp and manipulate curved needles

Where should you ONLY grasp suture with needle drivers?

at the end

Most needle holders have a _____

ratchet lock just distal to the thumb

Needle holder type?

Mayo-Hegar

Needle holder type?

Olsen-Hegar

Needle holder type? How does it work?

mathieu - have a ratchet lock at the proximal end of the handles of the needle holder permits locking and unlocking by progressively squeezing the handles together