Common viruses in primary care - week 7 PBL

Question 1

Difference between infection and disease?

Answer 1

Infection - invasion of the body by pathogens

disease - disorder with a specific cause with recognisable signs and symptoms

Question 2

Examples of human herpes viruses?

Answer 2

Herpes Simplex (HSV) type 1 and 2
Cytomegalovirus
Varicella zoster virus (chicken pox and shingles)
Epstien Barr Virus
Human Herpes Virus 6, 6A, 7, 8

Question 3

How long do you have human herpes viruses for?

Answer 3

For life, laying dormant
Can reactivate - shingles in VZV, pityriasis in HHV 6 and 7

Question 4

What is viral exanthem?

Answer 4

Widespread rash accompanied with systemic symptoms

often from a virus

Question 5

What virus causes ‘Slapped Cheek Syndrome?’

Answer 5

Parvovirus B-19

Children 6-10

Question 6

What virus causes Hand foot and mouth disease?

Answer 6

Coxsackie A-16

Question 7

What symptoms are associated with Rotavirus?

Answer 7

‘Stomach flu’. D and V

Question 8

How can human papillomavirus typically present?

Answer 8

Warts

Question 9

What is the latent period of a virus?

Answer 9

Virus is replicating but host is not infectious

Question 10

What the infectious period of a virus?

Answer 10

host is infectious and ends the latent period

Question 11

What is the incubation period?

Answer 11

time from exposure to symptoms

Question 12

What is RSV?

Answer 12

respiratory syncytial virus
common in children
bronchiolitis
diagnosis: nasal swabs/nasoparyngeal aspirate
treatment: palivizumab (monoclonal antibody)/ ribavirin (antiviral treatment)

Question 13

What is presentation of HIV?

Answer 13

Primary infection - systemically unwell, fever etc

Question 14

Pathology of HIV?

Answer 14

decreased CD4 count

Question 15

Treatment of HIV?

Answer 15

Antivirals (x3 types)

Emtricitabine
Doravirine
Atazanir

Question 16

Disease profile on Measles?

Answer 16

Measles virus
unvaccinated children
systemically unwell/white spots in mouth/measles rash
diagnose: measles antibodies
spread: droplets in air
treament: nonspecific. maintain pain relief and hydration

Question 17

Treatment for influenza (flu)?

Answer 17

not normally treated
antivirals if at risk: oseltamivir, zanamivir

Question 18

Disease profile of HPV?

Answer 18

human papilloma virus
most infected - asymptomatic. some warts, genital cancers
cervical cell screening only for testing
vaccinations at 12-13yrs
spread: sexual skin contact