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Final > Communicable/bloodborne Pathogen > Flashcards

Communicable/bloodborne Pathogen Flashcards

0
Q

What is the definition of OPIM?

A

Other

Potentially

Infectious

Material

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1
Q

What is a blood borne pathogen?

A

Virus and bacteria in the blood that cause disease

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2
Q

What is occupational exposure?

A

Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucus membrane or parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that may result in an employees duties

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3
Q

What is the definition of parenteral?

A

Every into the body by any route other than the mouth or digestive system

Typically needle prices/sticks, cuts/abrasions , bites

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4
Q

What are occupational risk an officer might face when handling property from a person with HIV, HBV, or HCV?

A

Needles/sharps

Cuts

Bites

Blood or secretions from a wound/cut

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5
Q

What is the definition of a pathogen?

A

Agents of diseases and bacteria like staph, HIV and fungi like yeast

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6
Q

What is the definition of blood borne pathogen?

A

Pathogenic micro organisms in blood that causes diseases

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7
Q

Other OPIM includes?

A 
Human blood 
Semen 
Vaginal secretions 
Cerebrospinal fluid
Chest fluid
Child birth fluid
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8
Q

Hepatitis B?

A

Virus that attacks the liver

100 more times easier to get than HIV

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9
Q

How long can hep B live on a dry surface?

A

At least 7 days

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10
Q

What are the three main ways to get hep B?

A

Sex w/out condoms w/someone who has it

Being born to a mom w/it

Sharing needles/syringes

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11
Q

What percent of people have no signs or symptoms of hep B?

A

30%

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of hep B?

A

Liver damage

Jaundice 
Fatigue 
Abdominal pain 
Loss of appetite 
Nausea/vomit
Joint pain
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13
Q

What is the chronic infections in hep B?

A

90% infants infected at birth

30% children infected 1-5

6% children infected after age 5

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14
Q

When percent of deaths occur from chronic liver diseases from hep B?

A

15-20%

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15
Q

What is the hep B vaccine?

A

3 dose series 0-6 months

First dose: protection 30-50%

Second dose: 75%

Third: 96%

  • last 23 years
16
Q

How long can hep C survive on a surface?

A

3-7 days

17
Q

What is hep C?

A

Liver disease

Spread through contact of blood

18
Q

What is the most common chronic blood borne pathogen?

A

Hep C

85% cases it’s permanent

Number one cause for liver transplant

19
Q

What is the vaccine for hep C?

A

None

No vaccine available

20
Q

What are symptoms of hep C?

A 
Jaundice 
Fatigue
Abdominal pain 
Loss of appetite 
Intermittent nausea 
Dark urine
21
Q

What are the risk groups for hep C?

A

Low: healthcare workers, sex w/infected persons, person w/multiple partners

Intermediate: hemodialysis patients, recipients of transfusions before 1992, infants born to moms

High: IV drug users, clotting recipients before 1987

22
Q

HIV?

A

Virus that causes aids that attacks the immune system

Blood to blood contact and sexual contact

Mothers passing to babies and breast feeding

23
Q

How long does HIV live on a dry surface?

A

Only a few hours

24
Q

What are symptoms of HIV?

A

Unexplained fatigue
Prolonged fever
Unexplained weight loss
White spots on mouth

25
Q

Aids?

A

Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome

Caused by HIV

Destroys CD4 and T cells (helper cells)

Weakens the immune system

26
Q

What are some other infections?

A

Syphilis

Malaria

27
Q

What is reasonable accommodation?

A

HIV is a physical handicap

Enables a disabled employee/applicant to perform essential tasks

Not burdensome task

28
Q

What is the most important body protection?

A

Intact skin

29
Q

What percent does gloves protect from contamination?

A

70-80%

30
Q

What is the diluted bleach solution?

A

Freshly made within 24 hours

Use at 1:10-1:100 concentration

EPA registered tuberculosis

Hydrogen peroxide

Chemical germicides

31
Q

What is regulated waste?

A

Liquid or semi liquid OPIM

  • dry blood
  • contaminated sharps
32
Q

How should sharps containers be?

A

Close able
Puncture resistant
Leakproof
Color/label coded

Easily accessible
Maintained upright
Replaced routinely

33
Q

What is the exposure control plan?

A

Elements of the exposure

  • methods if compliance
  • hep b vaccine/post exposure evaluation
  • record keeping

Determining the exposure

34
Q

What is the definition of communicable diseases?

A

Disease transmitted from from direct contact, person to person

35
Q

What are the two communicable diseases?

A

Meningitis

Inflammation if brain and spinal tissues
Bacterial meningitis more sever than viral
Stuff neck, fever, nausea

Tuberculosis

Usually attacks the lungs
Weakness
Weight loss
Fever

36
Q

What are two airborne pathogens?

A

TB

Meningitis

37
Q

What are the food borne infections/water borne illness ?

A

Ecoli

Salmonella

Hep A
Oral fecal

Final (31 decks)

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