Communication and Transport Flashcards
(40 cards)
How many miles of railway were in China by 1881?
50
Why did Britain want control over Chinese waterways after 1860 treaty?
Control and return wealth to Britain
How were Chinese waterways prior to foreign intervention?
Traditional junks along rivers
Imperial Grand Canal - sections were over 2000 years old and had fallen into disrepair
Name a steam ship company in China in 1881
Yangtze steamer company
Describe the Chinese Merchant Steam Ship Company 4 points
- started by Li Hongzhang as part of the Self Strengthening Movement
- source of national pride
- lack of focus on profit
- heavily subsidised by financially unstable Quing
What did the USA send to Hankou in 1860?
Merchant ships
How did communication and transport changes contribute towards the 1900/01 boxer rebellion?
Chinese people felt resentful and fearful of change - against foreigners
What foreign ships were bombed by the Japanese in Nanjing in 1937?
HMS Bee and USS Panay
What did the foreign powers have in treaty ports that weakened Quings economy?
Extra territoriality
What was the result of an influx of cheaper imported goods?
Weakened artisan economy
What did the boxer rebellion target in 1898?
The new railways
Trans Siberian railway construction begins…
…1897
Chinese Eastern Railway
1903 - debate over ownership USSR Japan etc;
When was the board of communication and finance set up
1903
When was the French Belgian railway set up and where?
1904 - North East
Rights recovery movement
1904
When and why did the quing purchase and dismantle foreign railways?
1911 - to appease Chinese peasants who feared foreign expansion
What was SYS goal in 1911?
To build 70 000 miles of railway
What did the GMD actively encourage in 1928?
Foreign investment in railways
What was developed in 1931?
Manchuko railway network
Chiangs 5 year plan
1936
What occurred between 1949-65
PRC nationalised railway and built 7000 miles of track per year
What happened between 1952 - 57
First 5 year plan relied on railway expansion gained control of Manchuria
What proportion of railways were built to support mao’s defensive third line in 1964?
60%
