Community structure

Question 1

community

Answer 1

an assemblage of species living together in an area

Question 2

what are the nine main global terrestrial biomes?

Answer 2

• 3 tropical: Tropical Rainforest, Tropical seasonal forest/savanna, Subtropical desert
• 3 temperate: Temperate rainforest, Temperate seasonal forest, Woodland/shrubland, Temperate grassland/cold desert
• 2 polar: Boreal Forest, Tundra
• beech

Question 3

what is an ecotone?

Answer 3

a boundary created by sharp changes in environmental conditions over a relatively short distance, accompanied by a major change in the composition of species

Question 4

what are the two types of ecotones?

Answer 4

• Created naturally: altitude, lake/forest, soil types due to rocks, north/south facing slopes,
• human created: road/forest, forest/clearing

Question 5

Interdependent communities

Answer 5

communities in which species depend on each other to exist

Question 6

Independent communities

Answer 6

communities in which species do not depend on each other to exist

Question 7

Keystone species

Answer 7

a species that substantially affects the structure of communities, although species might not be particularly numerous

Question 8

Ecosystem engineers

Answer 8

keystones species that affect communities by influencing the structure of a habitat

Question 9

what are the different trophic levels?

Answer 9

• producers
• primary consumer
• secondary consumer
• tertiary consumer
• omnivore