Comparative Anatomy Word Root List Flashcards by Torrey Mace

A-/An-

absence or lack (arrhythmia - lack of normal heartbeat)

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Ab-

away (abductor muscle - pulls an extremity away from midline)

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Acou-

hearing (acoustics)

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Ad-

to, toward (adductor muscle - pulls extremity toward midline)

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Adeno-

gland (adenocarcinoma - cancer of mucus-secreting glandular tissue)

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Aero-

air (aerobic)

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Af-

toward (afferent neuron - carries info toward brain)

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Alba-

white (albino)

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Amphi-

both (amphiphilic - hydrophobic&phillic)

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Ana-

apart (anaphase)

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Anastamos-

come together (anastomosis connection b/w vein and artery)

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Andro-

male (androgens)

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Angio-

vessel (angiogram)

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Ante-

preceding/before (antecubital - front of elbow)

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Anti-

opposed to/preventing

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Api-

tip (apex)

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Arachn-

spider (arachnoid matter w/in meninges)

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Arbor-

tree

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Arrect-

upright (arrector pilli muscles)

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Arthro-

joint

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Astro-

star

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Audi-

hearing

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Aut-

self

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Baro-

pressure

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Baso-/Basal-

base/bottom

Bi-

two

Blast-

bud/germ (blastocytes)

Brachi-

arm

Brady-

slow

Brev-

short (fibularis brevis - short muscle along fibula)

Bronch-

airway

Bucco-

cheek

Carcin-

cancer

Cardio/Cardi-

heart

Carneo-

flesh

Caud-

tail

Cec-

blind (the cecum - blind sad coming off intestine)

Cele-

abdominal (celiac artery - in abdominal region)

Cephal-

head

Cerebro-

brain

Chiasm

crossing

Cili-

small hair

Chondro-

cartilage

Chromo-

color

Circum-

around

Coel-

hollow/cavity

Concha-

shell

Contra-

against/opposite

Corona

crown (coronal suture)

Corp-

body (corpse - dead body)

Cortex-

outer layer of an organ

Cost-

pertaining to the ribs (intercostal muscles b/w ribs)

Crani-

skull (craniotomy)

Crypt-

hidden (cryptomenorrhea - no blood loss during menstruation)

Cusp-

point (tricuspid valve has 3 points)

Cyan-

blue (cyanosis - skin has blue color)

Cyte-

cell

Delta

triangular (delta symbol - deltoid muscle is triangular)

Dendro-

tree

Dent-

tooth

Derm-

skin

Desmo-

band (desmosomes bands of protein)

Di-

twice

Dura-

hard

Dys-

poor (muscular dystrophy - poor muscle growth)

Ectop-

displaced (ectopic pregnancy)

Edem-

swelling

Ef-

away (efferent neuron - carries info away from CNS)

Epi-

above/over

Erythro-

red

Endo-

within/inner (endocytosis - particles taken into a cell)

Entero-

intestine

Extra-

outside

Exo-

outer

Ferr-

iron (transferrin - iron storage protein)

Fasci-

bundle

Fenestr-

window

Flagell-

whip

Foram-

opening

Gangli-

swelling or knot

Gastro-

stomach

Glom-

ball (glomerulus is a ball of capillaries in the kidney)

Glosso-

tongue

Glyco-

sugar

Gust-

taste

Hemi-

half

Hemo/a-

blood

Hepat-

liver

Hetero-

different

Hiat-

gap (hiatus)

Histo-

tissue

Holo-

whole/entire (holocrine secretions consist of the entire cell)

Homo-

same

Humor-

fluid (aqueous humor is a fluid w/in the eye)

Hyalo-

glass/clear (hyaline cartilage)

Hyo-

u-shaped (hyoid bone)

Hyper-

excess

Hypo-

below/deficient

Infra-

below

Interna/Intra-

within (intracranial hemorrhage - occurs w/in the skull)

Inter-

between

Iso-

same/equal

Juxta-

near

Labi-

lip

Lact-

milk

Lat-

wide/broad

Later-

side

Lacun-

space/cavity

Lamina-

layer/sheet (laminated poster)

Laryngo-

larynx

Leuko-

white

Leva-

to raise

Liga-

bind (ligase - binds nucleotides)

Lingua-

tongue

Lipo-

fat

Luci-

clear

Lutea-

yellow (corpus luteum - yellow body w/in ovary)

Lys-

break apart

Magn-

large (foramen magnum - large opening in the skull)

Mal-

abnormal/bad

Mamm/Mast-

breast

Manu-

hand (manufacture)

Medi-

middle

Medulla

inner volume of an organ (renal medulla is w/in renal cortex)

Mega-

large

Melano-

black

Meningo-

membrane

Mero-

part (merocrine secretion gives off part of a glandular cell)

Meso-

middle

Meta-

beyond/between (metatarsal bones b/w tarsals and phalanges of foot)

Mono-

single

Morpho-

shape

Multi-

many

Myo-

muscle

Naso-

Nose

Nat-

birth

Natri-

sodium (Na)

Necr-

death

Neo-

new

Nephro-

kidney

Neuro-

nerve

Oculo-

eye

Odonto-

teeth

Olfact-

smell (olfactory nerve)

Oligo-

a few

Oo-

egg

Orb-

circular

Ortho-

straight (orthodontist)

Osteo-

bone

Oto-

ear

Papill-

nipple

Para-

beside (paranasal sinuses are beside the nasal cavity)

Peri-

around (periodontist)

Phag-

eat

Pharyngo-

pharynx

Phleb-

vein

Pia-

tender, delicate (pia mater)

Pili-

hair

Pino-

drink (pinocytosis is cell drinking)

Platy-

flat (platysma is a broad, flat muscle)

Plexus-

network

Pneumo-

air

Poly-

multiple

Pre-

before

Pseudo-

false

Pulmo-

lung

Quad-

four

Rect-

straight (rectus abdominis)

Ren-

kidney (renal vein)

Retic-

net (endoplasmic reticulum)

Rhug-

fold/wrinkle (rugae folds)

Salta-

leap (saltation)

Sclero-

hard

Septi-

rotten (sepsis/septic tank)

Septum-

fence/wall

Semi-

half

Serrate-

saw-edged

Sigmo-

S-shaped (sigmoid colon)

Soma-

body

Squam-

flat (squamous epithelial cells have flat shape)

Stoma-

mouth

Strat-

layer

Sub-

below

Super-

above/upon

Supra-

above/upon

Syn/Sym-

together (synapse)

Tachy-

fast

Telo-

end/far (telomere)

Trab-

beam (trabeculae are beams of bone comprising the spongy bone)

Trans-

across

Tri-

three

Tunic-

covering (tunica albuginea is a covering of the testis)

Vena/o-

vein

-al

pertaining to

-algia

pain (neuralgia is nerve pain)

-blast

to build

-clast

to break down

-crine

to secrete

-ectomy

to cut out

-glia

glue (neuroglia is the connective tissue that holds together nervous tissue)

-itis

inflammation

-issimus

qualifier to end of a term meaning most extreme example of something (gluteus maximus is the largest gluteal muscle)

-lemma

husk (neurolemma is an outer layer of a Schwann cell)

-logy

study of

-lysis

loosening or breaking down

-oid

similar in shape (cuboid cells have a shape that is similar to that of a cube)

-osis

condition of (nephrosis is a degenerative disease of the kidneys)

-pathy

disease

-phile

loving

-phobe

fear

-phore

bearer of (chromatophores are cells that contain colored pigment molecules)

Comparative Anatomy Word Root List Flashcards

(211 cards)