Complications

Question 1

Introduction of NiTi instruments has ______ the incidence of instrument separation

Answer 1

increased

Question 2

Incidence of stainless steel instrument separation

Answer 2

0.25%

Question 3

Incidence of NiTi rotary instrument separation

Answer 3

1.68%

Question 4

Separation is most likely to occur in the ______ of the canal

Answer 4

apical third

Question 5

______% of separated instruments can be removed

Answer 5

87%

Question 6

_____ should always be obtained before treating a previously initiated RCT

Answer 6

New radiographs

Question 7

Factors affecting perforation repair prognosis (6)

Answer 7

Size and location of perforation
time to repair
Provider experience
post placement following repair
ability to seal the defect
prior microbial contamination

Question 8

_______ has become the gold standard material for perforation repair

Answer 8

MTA

Question 9

Histologic repair when using MTA (3)

Answer 9

cementum formation
PDL reformation
normal bony architecture

Question 10

Success rate of MTA perforation repair

Author

Answer 10

86%
Mente

Question 11

Signs of sodium hypochlorite accident (4)

Answer 11

Immediate severe pain
immediate edema of neighboring soft tissue
profuse intracanal bleeding
ecchymosis

Question 12

Treatment of NaOCl accident

Answer 12

Palliative – local anesthestics and analgesics
Cold compress for 24 hours followed by warm compress for circulation
Daily monitoring
Antibiotics in high risk
Corticosteroids controversial

Question 13

CH extrusion _______ impact prognosis

Answer 13

does not
De Moor

Question 14

Extrusion of CH into the mandibular canal can cause _____

Answer 14

parasthesia

Question 15

Extruded eugenol based sealers will

Answer 15

resorb over time

Question 16

Seltzer demonstrated a ______ reaction can result from extrusion of obturation material

Answer 16

foreign body

Question 17

Correlation of proximity of obturation materials and the mandibular canal with ______

Answer 17

parasthesias

Question 18

Risks of over extension of obturation material in maxillary teeth

Answer 18

Aspergillus infection
chronic maxillary sinusitis

Question 19

Microsurgical treatment of mandibular nerve injuries should occur within ______ from injury

Answer 19

48 hours

Question 20

Root surface temperatures should not increase by ______ to avoid PDL injury

Answer 20

10 degrees C
Eriksson

Question 21

_____ should be used during ultrasonic or highspeed manipulation of bone

Answer 21

coolant

Question 22

________ use of the perforator when performing an IO injection osteotomy to reduce risk of osteonecrosis

Answer 22

short-duration

Question 23

Swelling and crepitus indicates

Answer 23

air emphysema

Question 24

Differential diagnoses of swelling involving the fascial planes immediately following endodontic treatment (6)

Answer 24

Endodontic flare-up
Necrotizing fasciitis
angioedema
allergic reaction
hematoma
air emphysema

Question 25

Types _____ and ______ are the traditional allergic reactions experienced secondary to contacted or ingested allergens

Answer 25

I and IV

Question 26

Type I hypersensitivity

Answer 26

Immediate Anaphylaxis

Question 27

Type II hypersensitivity

Answer 27

IgG Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity Autoimmune-like tissue destruction

Question 28

Type III hypersensitivity

Answer 28

Immune complex formation Pathology due to systemic deposits

Question 29

Type IV hypersensitivity

Answer 29

Delayed-type Cell-mediated immune memory response Contact Dermatitis

Question 30

If patient has a type IV hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex

Answer 30

You do not need to avoid use of GP

Question 31

______ infections are a risk of administering local anesthetics

Answer 31

needle tract

Question 32

Parasthesias following local anesthetic injections may be from _____ or _____

Answer 32

neurotoxicity physical trauma

Question 33

_______ fold increase in parasthesia when articaine used for IANB

Answer 33

5-fold

Question 34

Possible reason for articaine/parasthesia association

Answer 34

Increase in concentration (4% vs 2%) has greater potential for neurotoxicity

Question 35

Normal sensation should return following apical surgery in approximately

Answer 35

4 weeks Kim

Question 36

_____% of patients experience some sensory disturbance following mandibular surgery. ____% leads to permanent deficit

Answer 36

20% 1% Wesson and Gale

Question 37

Etiology of flare-up is multifactorial (3 factors)

Answer 37

chemical mechanical microbial

Question 38

Incidence of flare-up

Answer 38

5.8% — Yu 8.4% — Tsesis

Question 39

Most reported risk factors for flare-up

Answer 39

pre-op pain pre-op analgesic use

Question 40

Prophylactic amoxicillin in asymptomatic, necrotic teeth ______ risk of flare-up Author

Answer 40

Does not reduce Pickenpaugh

Question 41

Occurrence of flare-up on overall prognosis

Answer 41

No effect De Chevigny Sjogren

Question 42

Persistent infections likely caused by Author

Answer 42

Intraradicular and extraradicular bioflms Siqueira

Question 43

Secondary infections caused by (3)

Answer 43

Introduced during RCT Coronal leakage fractures

Question 44

_____% of patients report severe pain following RCT lasting ____ days

Answer 44

19% 2 days Law

Question 45

_____% of patients experience persistent pain lasting more than 6 months following RCT Author

Answer 45

5% Nixdorf

Question 46

For patients experiencing persistent pain ____% is of non odontogenic origin, and ______% is of odontogenic origin Author

Answer 46

3.4% 1.6% Nixdorf

Question 47

Most common factor in native valve infective endocarditis

Answer 47

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 48

Most common bacteria a/w infective endocarditis

Answer 48

Staph aureus Strep in late infection

Question 49

Classic findings of IE

Answer 49

Fever Heart murmur Positive blood culture

Question 50

Avoid NSAIDs for longer than ______ If pt is on HTN meds

Answer 50

2 weeks

Question 51

If patient is taking digoxin for cardiac arrhythmia, avoid _____ and ______

Answer 51

Epi Levonodefrin

Question 52

Progression of CHF

Answer 52

Left ventricular heart failure Accumulation of blood in pulmonary vessels CHF

Question 53

Avoid nitrous oxide in pts with stage _____ COPD or worse

Answer 53

3

Question 54

Consider using _____ for pts with liver disease due to _____

Answer 54

Septocaine Metabolism by plasma esterases