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Therapeutic Modalities > Compression > Flashcards

Flashcards in Compression Deck (25)
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1
Q

What is therapeutic pressure (intermittent compression)?

A

Mechanical devices used to help encourage venous and lymphatic return

2
Q

What is edema?

A

Pressure of abnormal amounts of fluid in extracellular tissue spaces

3
Q

What is joint swelling?

A

Blood (haemarthrosis) and joint synovial fluid (effusion) accumulated immediately following injury with the appearance and feel of a water balloon

4
Q

What is lymphedema?

A

Swelling in subcutaneous tissues results from excessive accumulation of lymph occurring several hours following injury

5
Q

What are the purposes of the lymphatic system?

A
  • Circulation
  • Safety value
  • Homeostasis
  • Cleanse
6
Q

What is the structure of the lymphatic system?

A

Closed vascular system of endothelial cell lined tubes that parallel the arterial and nervous system

7
Q

What are lymphatic capillaries made of?

A

Single layered endothelial cells with fibrils radiating from junctions of endothelial cells

8
Q

What are terminal lymphatics?

A

Provide entry way into lymphatic system for excess interstitial fluid and plasma proteins

9
Q

What is the function of the peripheral lymphatic structure?

A

Fluid moving into interstitial spaces pushes or pulls on fibrils forcing endothelial cells to gap apart creating an opening in terminal lymphatics for entry of several substances into lymphatic channels

10
Q

What substances enter into the lymphatic channels?

A
  • Interstitial fluid
  • Cellular waste
  • Large protein molecules
  • Plasma proteins
  • Extracellular particles
  • Cells
11
Q

What aids in the movement of lymph?

A
  • Muscle activity
  • Active and passive movements
  • Elevated positions
  • Respiration and blood vessel pulsation
12
Q

How does the formation of pitting edema occur?

A

Local edema formed by plasma, plasma proteins and cell debris from damaged cells all moving into interstitial spaces. Fluid in the form of a gel is trapped by collagen fibbers and proteoglycan molecules preventing free flow of fluid

13
Q

How does the formation of lymphedema occur?

A

Constriction of lymph capillaries or larger lymphatic vessels from increased pressure will discourage lymph flow and cause intercellular fluid to increase

14
Q

What are some ways to encourage lymph flow?

A
  • Gravity
  • Compression
  • PIER
  • Muscle contraction
15
Q

What does rhythmic internal compression provided by muscle contraction due?

A

Squeezes lymph through lymph vessels improving its flow back to the vascular system

16
Q

How can compression be used to increase lymph flow?

A
  • Massage
  • Elastic compression
  • Intermittent pressure devices
17
Q

What does compression cause?

A

A pressure gradient differential between intra vascular and interstitial fluids

18
Q

What are arterial capillary pressures?

A

30 mmHg

19
Q

What should maximum compression pressure correspond to?

A

diastolic pressure (80-90 mmHg)

20
Q

What is circumferential compression?

A

Equal pressure applied along the length of the limb

21
Q

What is sequential compression?

A

Pressure is applied in segments from distal to proximal

22
Q

What is controlled cold therapy?

A

Constant pressure applied with cold and gravity

23
Q

What are the different types of compression?

A
  • Circumferential
  • Sequential
  • Controlled cold therapy
24
Q

What is the treatment time for compression?

A
  • Duty cycle: 3:1 on:off
  • Duration: 20 minutes- hours
  • Frequency: 2-3 times daily
25
Q

What is intermittent compression recommended for?

A
  • Lymphedema
  • Traumatic edema
  • Chronic edema
  • Swelling
  • Postoperatively to reduce the possibility of developing deep vein thrombosis
  • Facilitate wound healing following surgery by reducing swelling