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Computer hardware Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

What is the function of a serial port?

A

Enables the transfer of data between devices

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2
Q

What is the function of a parallel port?

A

Enables the transfer of data between devices

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3
Q

What is the function of a VGA port?

A

Video Graphics Array
To connect video output devices to computers and projectors to displays, monitors, and TVs

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4
Q

What is the function of a USB port?

A

Universal Serial Bus

Functions as a standard for connecting/communicating between electronic devices, primarily computers for data transfer, power delivery, and video transmission

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5
Q

What is the function of a RJ-45 port?

A

Registered Jack - 45

Connect one internet enabled device with another network device (EX: A PC connected to a server)

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6
Q

What is the function of the audio ports?

A

GREEN: Transmits audio signals from a computer to other audio devices

BLUE: Functions as the input for external audio devices

PINK: For microphone input

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7
Q

What is the similarity and difference with the serial and parallel ports?

A

They both enable the transfer of data between devices.

A serial port can transfer a single data stream (faster over longer distances as there is less friction). However, a parallel port can transfer multiple data streams at once (Faster over shorter distances)

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8
Q

What is SATA?

A

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment

A bus interface device that connects host bus adapters to storage devices

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9
Q

What are expansion slots PCI

A

A physical connector that allows you to add expansion cars to your computer

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10
Q

What is the motherboard?

A
  • main component/nervous system
  • a large board of circuitry that connects all the other pars of the computer
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11
Q

What does the motherboard include?

A

CPU
RAM
SATA
HARD DRIVE
USB ports

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12
Q

What is a bus and the different types?

A

A collection of conductors that work for a specific purpose

Address bus
Connects the CPU to the main memory module

Control bus
Delivers commands from the processor to components

Data bus
Used to move data between components

Input/Output bus
Connects the processor to the expansion slots

Memory bus
Connects the processor to the memory

Power bus
A bus system that sends electrical power to small consumption devices

Internal bus
Operates with the internal circuitry of the CPU

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13
Q

What is the power supply and what does it do?

A

The power supply powers all the elements of a computer with the accurate voltage

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14
Q

What is RAM?

A
  • Random Access Memory
  • Stores the programs and data that are being actively accessed by the CPU
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15
Q

What is volatile memory?

A

A type of computer memory that loses its stored data when the power supply is interrupted

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16
Q

What is the video/graphics card?

A

Can be used to process the video/graphics load

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17
Q

What is the hard disk drive?

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A

A storage device for storing and retrieving digital information

18
Q

What is the flash memory card reader?

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A

A device for accessing the data on a memory card

19
Q

What is the DVD drive?

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A
  • Digital Versatile Disk
  • Some are formatted for video playback, contain applications, or distribute software
  • Store 1.4 megabytes (little, so no longer used)
20
Q

What are expansion cards

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A

A printed circuit board that can be inserted into an expansion card to add functionality to a computer

21
Q

What is the CPU?

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A
  • Performs calculations and comparisons needed for processing (executes all proccessing)
22
Q

What is the CPU made of?

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A

Arithmetic unit
Bus interface unit
Control unit
Decode Unit
Prefetch unit
Registers

23
Q

What is the CPU measured in?

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A

Megahertz (1 million operations per second)

Gigahertz (1 billion operations per second)

24
Q

What are the drive bays?

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A

Hold storage devices

25
What are memory slots?
Connect memory modules to the motherboard
26
What is RAM
Store data temporarily while you are working with it
27
What is the system unit of a computer?
The main physical enclosure of a computer, that holds all the components
28
What is ATX?
Essential for standardization and interchangeability of parts
29
What is the chipset? What is it divided into?
The chipset connects ports of different speeds to manage and smooth data flow throughout the computer. It is divided into the north and south bridge.
30
What do the north and south bridge do?
North: Controls higher-speed data systems South: Controls the computer's input and output functions, acting as a bridge between the CPU and other peripheral devices
31
What is the ROM chip?
- read-only memory - contains a group of software programs
32
What is the CMOS?
- Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor - used to store important, basic system settings (crucial configuration data)
33
What is the POST? What occurs in the case of a warm or cold boot?
- Power On Self Test - a diagnostic program that is initiated when the computer is turned on to make sure that all the components of the computer are working properly A cold boot is when you start a computer back up from a completely powered-off state. In this case, the POST routines will be executed. A warm boot is when the computer is powered on without fully powering it off. In this case, the the POST routines will be skipped
34
What are expansion slots PCI and PCI express?
- Peripheral Components Interface - a 32-bit data bus that provides high speed when attaching hardware devices to a computer Express: - designed to replace PCL and AGP - several formats - uses a PCI slot
35
What are examples of tech that use audio ports?
Headphones, microphones, speakers
36
What is an operating system? What is its jobs
- (OS) - An operating system is a system that manages computer software and hardware resources, and manages and coordinates the activities taking place within the computer Jobs: - configures all devices that are connected to the computer (Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices) - Interfaces with users (the OS translates user instructions into a form the computer can understand) - manages all files (keeping track of the files stored on a computer so that they can be retrieved when needed) - manages security (The operating system can use passwords, biometric characteristics (such as fingerprints) to limit access to the system.) - manages/monitors resources and jobs (Scheduling routines/jobs refers to the order in which jobs are carried out, as well as which commands get executed first) (The OS continuously manages your computer’s resources (such as software, disk space, and memory).
37
What is the difference between hardware and software?
Hardware refers to the physical parts of a computer, whereas software refers to the programs and operating systems that occur
37
What are the jobs of the OS (Operating System)? Explain them
- (OS) - An operating system is a system that manages computer software and hardware resources, and manages and coordinates the activities taking place within the computer Jobs: - configures all devices that are connected to the computer (Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices) - Interfaces with users (the OS translates user instructions into a form the computer can understand) - manages all files (keeping track of the files stored on a computer so that they can be retrieved when needed) - manages security (The operating system can use passwords, biometric characteristics (such as fingerprints) to limit access to the system.) - manages/monitors resources and jobs (Scheduling routines/jobs refers to the order in which jobs are carried out, as well as which commands get executed first) (The OS continuously manages your computer’s resources (such as software, disk space, and memory).
38
39
What are peripherals?
External devices that connect to the computer to expand its functionality

Computer Technology (4 decks)

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