Concepts in Biology (Lesson 1 + 2)

Question 1

Biology (Definition)

Answer 1

The study of life, organisms, and living.

Question 2

4 properties of the cells

Answer 2

1) Surrounded by a membrane (need of wall)
2) Contains DNA
3) Internal mass (cytoplasm)
4) Has Ribosomes to create protein.

Question 3

The Cell Theory

Answer 3

1) A cell is the smallest unit of life
2) Makeup living things
3) New cells arise from old ones

Question 4

7 propreties of life

Answer 4

1)Cells/Organization
2)Energy use/Metabolism
3)Response to Environmental Changes
4) Regulation/Homoestasis
(adjusting physiological processes)
5)Growth/Development
6)Reproduction
7)Biological Evolution

Question 5

Metabolism

Answer 5

Chemical reactions in our bodies (make/breaking down things)

Question 6

Difference between indeterminate and determinate growth

Answer 6

Derterminate growth: growths stops, genetically pre-determined
Indeterminate growth: growth that never stops

Question 7

Asexual vs sexual

Answer 7

Asexual: exact copies of an organism
Sexual: vary genetically; need 2 genetic package

Question 8

Biological Evolution

Answer 8

Development of adaptative traits allowing a higher chance of survival leading for a species to evolve and change a certain trait permanently

Question 9

Are viruses alive?

Answer 9

No, they use hosts to reproduce + don’t have cells + no membrane + cant metabolize

Question 10

DNA

Answer 10

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 11

4 Nucleotides

Answer 11

1) Adenine
2) Thymine
3) Guanine
4) Cytosine

Question 12

Genes

Answer 12

Units of inheritance that transmit information from parents to offspring. They have different lengths/sequences of 4 nucleotides.

Question 13

Order of Living Beings

Answer 13

1) Molecules
2) Organelles
3) Cells
4) Tissues
5) Organs
6) Organ Systems
7) Populations
8) Communities
9) Ecosystems
10) Biosphere

Question 14

Molecules

Answer 14

Structure made up of 2+ atoms and building blocks of organelles

Question 15

2 Types of Cells

Answer 15

1) Prokaryotic: no nucleus

2) Eukaryotic: nucleus

Question 16

Communities

Answer 16

Differents population dependent on each other

Question 17

Evolution

Answer 17

Descent with modification, gradual change in the inherited traits of a population

Question 18

Natural Selection

Answer 18

Mechanism behind “descent with modification”, variation in genes
Form fits function

Question 19

Taxonomy

Answer 19

The science of naming/classifying organisms (based on similar characteristics)

Question 20

Prokaryotic

Answer 20

Domain: 1) Bacteria, 2) Archae
Kingdoms: 1) Eubacteria 2)Archaebacteria

Question 21

Eukaryotic

Answer 21

Domain: 3) Eukaraya
Kingdoms: 3) Prostia 4) Plantae 5) Fungi 6) Animalia

Question 22

Hierarchy of Classification

Answer 22

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Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Sub-species)

Question 23

Binomial system

Answer 23

Developed by Linnaeus (1700’s)

Genius capitalized + species lowercase

Question 24

2 important components of Ecosystem Dynamics

Answer 24

1) Nutriments: constantly recycled

2) Energy: flows through organisms

Question 25

3 types of organisms

Answer 25

1) Producers: photosynthetic organisms (convert ligth energy to chemical energy) 2) Consummers: feed on producers (can't produce energy - Heterotrophs: get energy breaking down food 3) Decomposers: Obtain their energy by breaking down the non-living dead organic matter

Question 26

Which type of organisms are needed to keep life going?

Answer 26

Producers + Decomposers | Consummers Optional