Concepts of the Upper Extremity (Exam 1)

Question 1

What is the function of the upper extremity

Answer 1

Manipulation of the environment

Question 2

The upper extremity has a better ROM wher

Answer 2

in the anterior than the posterior

Question 3

What parts compose the upper limb

Answer 3

Shoulder girdle
Axilla
Brachium
Antebrachium
Hand and Fingers

Question 4

What is the pectoral girdle composed of

Answer 4

Scapula
Clavicle
Muscles that articulate them to the trunk

Question 5

What does the axilla refer to

Answer 5

Transition between shoulder and upper extremity

Question 6

How is the scapula tethered to the trunk

Answer 6

through the musculofascial scapulothoracic articulation

Question 7

Where does the shoulder girdle articulate with the trunk

Answer 7

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 8

What is the only true joint between the upper extremity and the shoulder

Answer 8

sternoclavicular joint

Question 9

What are the rest of the structures outside of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 9

muscle and fascia

Question 10

You sacrifice what for increased ROM

Answer 10

stability

Question 11

How are muscles compartmentalized

Answer 11

deep fascia forms a stocking around limbs that separates the muscles into compartments

Question 12

All muscles within a compartment are what

Answer 12

innervated by the same nerve and have the same function

Question 13

Describe the superficial fascia of the upper limb

Answer 13

composed of adipose, superficial veins, cutaneous arteries, and nerves

Question 14

Describe the investing fascia of the upper limb

Answer 14

forms muscle compartments

leads to groups and innervation

Question 15

What can the investing fascia of the upper limb cause clinically

Answer 15

compartment syndrome

Question 16

What is the organization of veins in the upperlimb

Answer 16

arranges into superficial and deep networks

Question 17

Where are superficial veins found in the upper extremity

Answer 17

outside superficial fascia

Question 18

Where are deep veins found in the upper extremity

Answer 18

under deep fascia

Question 19

What is vena comitantes

Answer 19

an artery with a vein on each side of it

Question 20

What type of veins in the arm have vena comitantes

Answer 20

deep vascular network

Question 21

Where will major neurovascular bundles be seen in muscular compartments

Answer 21

they run deep to compartments

Question 22

How many spinal cord segments and peripheral nerves will supply a dermatome

Answer 22

single spinal cord segment

multiple peripheral nerves

Question 23

What does sensory loss in a dermatome pattern indicated

Answer 23

injury to spinal nerve

Question 24

What is an injury to the spinal nerve called

Answer 24

radiculopathy

Question 25

What does sensory loss in a cutaneous nerve pattern suggest

Answer 25

injury distally to the spinal nerve

Question 26

What is injury distally to the spinal nerve called

Answer 26

neuropathy

Question 27

What dermatomes will have an overlapping pattern

Answer 27

adjacent dermatomes

Question 28

What dermatomes will not have an overlapping pattern

Answer 28

non-adjacent

Question 29

List the myotomes of the shoulder

Answer 29

trapezius pectoral latissimus serratus anterior

Question 30

What is the myotome of trapezius

Answer 30

CN X1 and C3-4

Question 31

What is the myotome of the pectoral

Answer 31

C5-C8- pectoral nerves

Question 32

What is the myotome of latissimus dorsi

Answer 32

C6-C8- thoracodorsal

Question 33

What is the myotome of serratus anterior

Answer 33

C5-C7--long thoracic nn.

Question 34

What are the myotomes of the arm

Answer 34

anterior and posterior (c5-c8)

Question 35

What is the anterior nerve of the arm

Answer 35

musculocutaneous nerve

Question 36

What is the psoterior nerve of the arm

Answer 36

radial nerve

Question 37

What are the myotomes of the forearm

Answer 37

Anterior | posterior (C6-8)

Question 38

What is the anterior nerve of the forearm

Answer 38

median and ulnar (1.5 muscles)

Question 39

What is the posterior nerve of the forearm

Answer 39

radial

Question 40

What does weakness in a myotome patten indicate injury in

Answer 40

spinal nerve (radiculopathy)

Question 41

What does weakness limited to muscle innervated by 1 nerve indicate

Answer 41

injury to that individual nerve (neuropathy)

Question 42

What is the axilla continuous with

Answer 42

neck and thorax

Question 43

What are the major transitional areas in the upper extremity

Answer 43

``` axilla Quadrangular and Triangular space Triangular interval Cubital fossa Carpal tunnel Cubital tunnel Guyon's tunnel ```

Question 44

What is the most common peripheral neuropathy

Answer 44

carpal tunnel

Question 45

What is the second most common peripheral neuropathy

Answer 45

Guyon's tunnel

Question 46

When is the ulnar nerve at risk

Answer 46

Bump the medial epicondyle

Question 47

Where is the ulnar nerve in relationship to the medial epicondyle

Answer 47

in contact with medial epicondyle in the cubital tunnel

Question 48

What is importance of anastomoses in shoulder

Answer 48

can use collateral circulation when you clamp an artery during surgery or if blockage

Question 49

How will lymph in the upper limb flow

Answer 49

from hand to axilla

Question 50

Where are there little amounts of lymph nodes in the upper extremity. Where are there a lot

Answer 50

little in the arm | a lot in the axilla