Scapular Region (Exam 1)

Question 1

List the joints of the shoulder girdle

Answer 1

Sternoclavicular–the only “true” joint between shoulder and upper limb

Question 2

We reduce what for range of motion

Answer 2

sacrifice stability

Question 3

How is the axilla related to the bones in the shoulder girdle?

Answer 3

area between scapula and ribs

Question 4

What ligament is damaged if there is acromioclavicular joint separation

Answer 4

acromioclavicular ligament

Question 5

What ligaments are damaged for complete separation

Answer 5

acromiocalvicular and coracoclavicular ligaments

Question 6

What is the function of the coracoclavicular ligament

Answer 6

anchors clavicle to the scapula

Question 7

What are the three features of a synovial joint

Answer 7

articular cartilage
synovial membrane
fibrous capsule

Question 8

What part of the scapula will the head of the humerus articulate with

Answer 8

glenoid fossa

Question 9

What muscle will have a tendon that runs through the shoulder

Answer 9

long head of biceps brachii

Question 10

What are the mechanisms to increase stability in the shoulder

Answer 10

thickening of joint capsule

long head of the biceps tendon

superior middle and inferior glenohumeral ligament

Question 11

What lines the cavity of the glenohumeral joint

Answer 11

synovial sheath

Question 12

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint

Answer 12

synovial ball and socket

Question 13

What types of movements does the glenohumeral joint allow

Answer 13

wide range of motion

Question 14

What muscles compose the rotator cuff

Answer 14

supraspinalis
infraspinalis
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 15

What is the function of rotator cuff muscles

Answer 15

maintain joint stability by maintaining head of humerus on the glenoid

Question 16

How does the trapezius affect the shoulder

Answer 16

important in rotation of scapula

Question 17

What is the action of latissimus dorse

Answer 17

adduct arm, extension, medial rotation

Question 18

What is the action, innervation, attachments, and blood supply to the deltoid muscles

Answer 18

Attachments: Lateral 1/3 acromion scapular spine, inferior to the deltoid tuberosity

Action: Abduct flex extend medial lateral rotate at glenoid humerus shoulder joint

Innervation: Axillary nerve C5-C6

Blood supply: acromial and deltoid branch of thoracoacromial artery

Question 19

What are the actions of the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 19

Supraspinatis: first 15 degrees of abduction
deltoid picks up after 15

Infraspinatus: lateral rotation

Teres minor: Lateral rotation

Question 20

What nerves are the rotator cuff muscles innervated by

Answer 20

suprascapular nerve

axillary nerve

Question 21

What are attachments of supraspinatus

Answer 21

supraspinous fossa to greater tubercle of humerus

Question 22

What are the attachments of infraspinatus

Answer 22

infraspinous process to greater tubercle

Question 23

What are the attachments of teres minor

Answer 23

lateral border of scapula to greater tubercle of humerus

Question 24

What are the attachments of subscapularis

Answer 24

subscapular fossa to greater tubercle of huemrus

Question 25

What muscles are innervated by the dorsal scapular nerves

Answer 25

levator scapulae rhomboid minor rhomboid major

Question 26

What is the action, innervation, and attachments of serratus anterior

Answer 26

Protracts scapula, helps with abduction above 90 degrees Long thoracic nerve Medial border of scapula to ribs

Question 27

What is unique about the innervation of serratus anterior

Answer 27

innervated on superifical suface unlike other muscles

Question 28

What is a risk of the long thoracic nerve

Answer 28

if someone gets punched or shanked it is at risk

Question 29

What procedure is the long thoracic nerve at risk

Answer 29

axillary lymph node removal

Question 30

What can be seen if the long thoracic nerve is damaged

Answer 30

weakness in protraction of the shoulder

Question 31

What is most likely the cause of scapular winging

Answer 31

serratus anterior paralysis place forearm on wall and push cannot hold the scapula against the ribs

Question 32

What are the scapular areas

Answer 32

Quadrangular space Triangular space Triangular interval

Question 33

What is in the quadrangular space

Answer 33

axillary nn | posterior circumflex humeral artery

Question 34

What are the borders of the quadrangular space

Answer 34

Superior teres minor Inferior teres major medial: triceps brachii long head lateral: humerus

Question 35

What are the borders of the triangular space

Answer 35

inferior teres major superior teres minor lateral long head of triceps

Question 36

What is found in the triangular space

Answer 36

circumflex scapular artery

Question 37

What are the borders of the triangular interval

Answer 37

lateral humerus medial triceps head long superior teres minor

Question 38

What is found in the triangular interval

Answer 38

profunda brachial artery | radial nn

Question 39

How will the suprascapular nerve and artery relate to the transverse scapular ligament

Answer 39

artery goes over ligament nerve goes under ligament

Question 40

What vasculature is contributed to the shoulder from the subclavian artery

Answer 40

thyrocervical trunk: transverse or superficial cervical suprascapular arteries

Question 41

Where does the circumflex scapular artery originate from

Answer 41

Subscapular artery off the axillary artery

Question 42

Where does the posterior circumflex humeral artery originate from

Answer 42

axillary artery

Question 43

What are the main anastamoses seen in the shoulder

Answer 43

deep branch of transverse cervical suprascapular

Question 44

What anastomoses occur with the deep branch of transverse cervical

Answer 44

subscapular artery and subclavian vein

Question 45

When the axillary artery is clamped, what can still provide blood to the limb

Answer 45

the deep branch of transcerse cervical artery

Question 46

What anastomoses occur with the suprascapular

Answer 46

with the subscapular and deep branch of transverse cervical