Concussion

Question 1

6 clinical domains of a conc symptoms

Answer 1

1. Somatic/ cognitiev/ emotional symptoms
2. Physical signs
3. Balance impairments
4. Behavioral changes
5. Cognitive impairments
6. Sleep/wake disturbances

Question 2

Common features of SRC

Answer 2

may be caused by direct blow to head or elsewhere
S+S evolve over number of mins/hours
Symptoms relfect functional disturbances rather than structural
70-80% cranial injuries are SRC

Question 3

Why Concs are unique

Answer 3

• uncertain timeline
• more vulnerable long term consequences
• social pressures
• Non visable injuries

Question 4

4 evidence based indicators

Answer 4

1. Observed/documented disorientation + confusion immediatly after blow to head
2. Impaired balance within a day
3. Slowed rxn times
4. Impaired verbal learning/memory

Question 5

Responses after conc

Answer 5

cognitive- negative feeback b/w cognitive apraisals
affective- anxiety depression
behavioural- avoidence style coping

Question 6

Risk factors of a conc

Answer 6

sport ethic- those to adhere to norms are at higher risk
personal- history of concs, associated injuries
sit.- norms of sport ( toughness/masculinity)

Question 7

Psychological consequences

Answer 7

• difficulty/lack of acceptence of long term rehab
• fear of reinjury + long term health
• cognitive-affective behavioural issues

Question 8

Reterograde amnesia

Answer 8

-partial or total loss of ability to recall events that occured during the period immediatly preceding brain injury (link to conc low)

Question 9

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 9

deficit in forming new mems after incident

Question 10

Second impact syndrome- how it occurs

Answer 10

involves vascular engorgement within cranium leading to intracranial pressure and herniation
-may appear stunned, on feet, mostly fatal

Question 11

Post conc syndronme symptoms

Answer 11

associated w significant difficulty in maintaining premorbid occupational or acemic performance

Question 12

Some recomendations from berlin conference

Answer 12

• collaberative approach ( school accomidations)
• Strongest perdictor of severity symptos in first coupla days
• protective effects of helm/mouthgaurd limited
• youth ice hockey bad for concs

Question 13

RTP recomendations

Answer 13

• baseline testing/ sideline assesment
• No RTP same day
• MEd evaluation by MD
• no battery performed with 24-48hrs
• progression from no activity to game play (have to be asymptomatic)