Conditional Statements

Question 1

What is a Conditional Statement?

Answer 1

Hypothetical relationship between conditions that if the first condition is met, then the second one must follow

Question 2

Sufficient Condition

Answer 2

• First part of the statement
• Satisfying a sufficient condition is enough to guarantee that a necessary will follow.

sufficient condition —> necessary condition

Question 3

Necessary Condition

Answer 3

A condition that must be met in order for a sufficient condition to be possible

sufficient condition —> necessary condition

Question 4

If

Answer 4

Sufficient

Question 5

When

Answer 5

Sufficient

Question 6

Whenever

Answer 6

Sufficient

Question 7

All

Answer 7

Sufficient

Question 8

Any

Answer 8

Sufficient

Question 9

Each

Answer 9

Sufficient

Question 10

Every

Answer 10

Sufficient

Question 11

Then

Answer 11

Necessary

Question 12

Only

Answer 12

Necessary

Question 13

Only if

Answer 13

Necessary

Question 14

Only when

Answer 14

Necessary

Question 15

Needs

Answer 15

Necessary

Question 16

Requires

Answer 16

Necessary

Question 17

Must

Answer 17

Necessary

Question 18

If and only if

Answer 18

Bi-Conditional Statement

Question 19

Unless

Answer 19

Negate Necessary Condition

Question 20

Until

Answer 20

Negate Necessary Condition

Question 21

Without

Answer 21

Negate Necessary Condition

Question 22

Except

Answer 22

Negate Necessary Condition

Question 23

Contrapositive

Answer 23

Valid Inference

Switch & Negate.

Denying the necessary is enough to conclude that a sufficient will not follow.

A—>B
———-
/B—>/A

Question 24

Inverse Fallacy

Answer 24

Invalid Inference.

Negating both sides without switching.

Saying that we don’t have the sufficient condition, does not allow us to conclude we don’t have the necessary condition.

A—>B
———-
/A—>/B

Question 25

Converse Fallacy

Answer 25

Invalid Inference. Switching both sides without negating. Satisfying a necessary condition is not enough to conclude that a sufficient condition must follow. A—>B ———- B—>A

Question 26

Valid affirmation

Answer 26

Valid inference. If the sufficient condition is true, then the necessary condition must be true.

Question 27

Transitive Property

Answer 27

When a necessary condition is identical to the sufficient condition of another conditional statement, they can be combined.

Question 28

Transitive fallacy

Answer 28

Two necessary statements, matching each other. Invalid inference.