Question Stems

Question 1

In which family are the statements in the stimulus always accepted as true?

Answer 1

• Implication

Question 2

In which family are the Answer choices always accepted as true?

Answer 2

Operation (true, false, sometimes, never)

Question 3

The statements above, if true, most strongly support, which one of the following?

Answer 3

Soft must be true question.

Find the answer choice that is almost certainly true. If the information in the passage is true.

Question 4

Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the information above?

Answer 4

Strengthening question.

Find the answer choice that would make the argument in the passage, more convincing.

Question 5

Which one of the following conforms most closely to the principal stated above?

Answer 5

Soft must be true (Principal)

Find the answer choice that presents a valid argument, based on the rule of the passage.

Question 6

Which one of the following best illustrates the principle illustrated by the argument above?

Answer 6

Parallel (principal) question.

Find the answer choice that represents a valid argument based on the implicit role the argument in the passage is using.

Question 7

Each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

Answer 7

Must be false question.
Find the answer choice that must be false. If the information in the passage is true.

Question 8

The answer to which one of the following questions would be most helpful and evaluate in the argument?

Answer 8

Crux question.

Find the answer choice that presents a question that’s relevant to determining how convincing the argument in the passage is.

Question 9

Which one of the following most accurately characterizes the technique of the reasoning employed in an argument?

Answer 9

Describe question.

Find the answer choice that describes how the argument in the passage uses the evidence to reach the conclusion.

Question 10

The last sentence figures in the argument in which of the following ways?

Answer 10

Role question.

Find the answer choice that describes what role (promise, conclusion, subsidiary, conclusion, etc.) the last sentence plays in the argument in the passage.

Question 11

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?

Answer 11

Must be true question.

Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 12

What logically completes the stimulus?

Answer 12

Must be true question.

Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 13

Which one of the following follows logically from the example above?

Answer 13

Must be true question.

Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 14

Which one of the following can be properly inferred from the information above?

Answer 14

Must be true question.

Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 15

Which one of the following is best illustrated by the information above?

Answer 15

Soft must be true question.

Look for answer choices that summarizes the information in the stimulus or relates to strong statements in the stimulus

Week answer choices, more likely to be right.

Question 16

If the statement is above are true, then which one of the following must be false?

Answer 16

Must be false question

Definitely proven false by the statements in the stimulus.

Question 17

If the statements above are true, then each of the following could be true, EXCEPT:

Answer 17

Must be false question

Definitely proven false by the statements in the stimulus.

Question 18

Which one of the following is the main point of the argument?

Answer 18

Main point question.

The main conclusion of the argument. Look for premises and conclusions.

Question 19

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the conclusion of the argument?

Answer 19

Main point question.

The main conclusion of the argument. Look for premises and conclusions

Question 20

Which one of the following most accurately describes the role played in the passage that … ?

Answer 20

Role question.

An accurate characterization of the role the specific statement plays in the stimulus. Look out for a premises and conclusions.

Question 21

The assertion that … figures in the argument in which one of the following ways?

Answer 21

Role question.

An accurate characterization of the role the specific statement plays in the stimulus. Look out for a premises and conclusions.

Question 22

Which one of the following most accurately describes the method of reasoning?

Answer 22

Describe question

An accurate description of the reasoning employed in the stimulus. Look for conclusion and relevant premises.

Question 23

The argument proceeds by employing, which one of the following approaches?

Answer 23

Describe question

An accurate description of the reasoning employed in the stimulus. Look for conclusion and relevant premises.

Question 24

Which of the following is most strongly supported by the information above?

Answer 24

Soft Must be true question.

Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 25

Which of the following logically completes the argument?

Answer 25

Soft Must be true question. Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 26

Which of the following is best illustrated by the above?

Answer 26

Soft Must be true question. Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 27

Of the following propositions, which one is best illustrated by the dairy farmer statements?

Answer 27

Soft must be true question. Definitely proven true by the information in the stimulus (incorrect answers could be false)

Question 28

What must be false?

Answer 28

Must be false question.. Correct answer strongly worded and have strong logical force.

Question 29

Which of the following is inconsistent with the statement above?

Answer 29

Must be false question

Question 30

All of the following could be true EXCEPT:

Answer 30

Must be false question.

Question 31

Which one of the following violates the statements above?

Answer 31

Must be false question.

Question 32

The facts described above, provide the strongest evidence against which one of the following?

Answer 32

Rare Implication (Soft Must Be False)

Question 33

The above principal, most closely conformes to which one of the following situations?

Answer 33

Soft must be true question (apply the principal) Correct answer will be a specific situation that matches to that given principle

Question 34

Which of the following principles is best illustrated by the study described above?

Answer 34

Soft must be true (Principle) Find underlying generalization

Question 35

Which one of the following judgments, most closely conform to the sided principle?

Answer 35

Soft must be true question (apply the principal) Correct Answer will be a specific situation that matches to that given principle

Question 36

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

Answer 36

Necessary assumption question Look for the language within the Questions them that tells you that you have an assumption that is necessary to the argument.

Question 37

The reasoning above relies on which one of the following assumptions?

Answer 37

Necessary assumption question Look for the language within the Questions them that tells you that you have an assumption that is necessary to the argument.

Question 38

Which one of the following is an assumption required by the argument?

Answer 38

Necessary assumption question Look for the language within the Questions them that tells you that you have an assumption that is necessary to the argument.

Question 39

The conclusion above follows logically only if which one of the following is assumed?

Answer 39

Necessary assumption question Look for the language within the Questions them that tells you that you have an assumption that is necessary to the argument.

Question 40

The argument above presumes, which one of the following?

Answer 40

Necessary assumption question Look for the language within the Questions them that tells you that you have an assumption that is necessary to the argument.

Question 41

The conclusion drawn by the cultural historian follows logically, if which one of the following is assumed?

Answer 41

Sufficient question.

Question 42

Must Be True (MBT)

Answer 42

- Answer will be undeniably based on facts - Select the answer that must follow logically from the stimulus without making any assumptions or adding new information. **Look for:** diagrammable statements, relationships between statements, strong language **Beware of:** New info, language stronger than stimulus, unsupported relationships in stim.

Question 43

Soft Must Be True (~MBT)

Answer 43

- Almost certainly true - Select the answer that is *most* supported by stim. 90% sure it’s true; **Look Out For:”** Relationships between statements, strong language, diagrammable statements **Beware of:** New info, language stronger than stim, unsupported relationships

Question 44

Parallel Flaw Question

Answer 44

- Argument in Stim flawed, want to pick the answer that is flawed the same way

Question 45

Soft MBT Principle

Answer 45

- Stim and Answer will focus on finding the principle or broader rule - General rule or guideline that underlies the argument - Backbone or justification that connects the premise to the conclusion - often conditional

Question 46

Must be False

Answer 46

- Ask what CANNOT possibly be true

Question 47

Implication Family

Answer 47

- must be true, - soft must be true, - soft must be true principle - must be false - Correct answer choice cannot contain stronger terms than the author uses - Combine conditional statements - Can use secondary structures

Question 48

The situation described above most closely conformed to which one of the following generalizations?

Answer 48

- ~MBT

Question 49

In which family do the questions ask to describe a feature of the argument?

Answer 49

Characterization Family

Question 50

Characterization Family

Answer 50

- Describe a feature of the argument; some form of description of the stim - Main Point - Method of argumentation - flaw - role of particular claim

Question 51

How to identify a flaw question?

Answer 51

- Prompt asks to describe a problem in the argument - A reason why the conclusion doesn’t follow from the set of premises ** Look for** - Flaw - Vulnerable to criticism - Reasoning (Questionable/Objectionable/Error) - Misinterpreted