Confirming Pregnancy, Education for Parenthood & Promoting Healthy Pregnancy

Question 1

What ‘education for parenthood’ is provided for expectant women/parents? (5)

Answer 1

• antenatal group classes
• parent craft classes
• hynobirthing
• one-to-one provisions
• online

Question 2

What consideration might be needed for different women’s needs? (4)

Answer 2

• language barriers
• accepting it’s not always ‘mother and father’
• be open minded to everybody’s individual preferences and situations
• acknowledging different cultures, traditions, religions etc

Question 3

What can effect a healthy pregnancy?

Answer 3

STI;s, addiction, diet, exercise, eating disorders, diabetes/obesity, genetics, cultural impact, housing conditions, education, financial situation, stress

Question 4

What can you do to prepare for pregnancy?

Answer 4

Planning around your current lifestyle and career, supporting your mental and physical health, support networks/relationships, pregnancy vitamins/folic acids, attending appointments/check ups/antenatal classes

Question 5

Name 4 things to consider when confirming pregnancy

Answer 5

• LMP
• Regularity of menstrual cycle
• sexual activity
• contraception use

Question 6

Why can using LMP to determine pregnancy be a little vague?

Answer 6

25% of women bleed during the first trimester of pregnancy

Question 7

What is Naegele’s rule?

Answer 7

Based on 28 day cycle, 1st day of LMP + 7 days + 9 months = EDD

Question 8

Besides LMP, what other things can confirm pregnancy?

Answer 8

obstetric wheel, scans, NHS choices website (EDD calculator)

Question 9

Name presumptive signs of pregnancy (7)

Answer 9

• amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation
• nausea and vomiting
• breast changes
• increased frequency of urination
• skin changes/pigmentation
• ‘quickening’ - first ‘bubbling’ fetal movements
• braxton hicks contractions

Question 10

At what gestation could amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation) be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 10

4+ weeks

Question 11

At what gestation could nausea and vomiting be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 11

4-14 weeks

Question 12

At what gestation could breast changes be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 12

3-4 weeks

Question 13

At what gestation could frequency of urination be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 13

up to 12 weeks

Question 14

At what gestation could skin changes/pigmentation be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 14

6-12 weeks

Question 15

At what gestation could ‘quickening’ be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 15

19+ weeks

Question 16

At what gestation could Braxton Hicks be used as presumptive signs of pregnancy?

Answer 16

20 weeks

Question 17

List medical signs of pregnancy (7)

Answer 17

• changes in uterus (size and shape)
• colostrum can be expressed
• abdominal enlargement
• palpation of foetus
• fetal heart audible
• presence of hCG in blood and urine
• visualisation on ultrasound

Question 18

At what gestation can colostrum be expressed from breasts?

Answer 18

16+ weeks

Question 19

At what gestation is abdominal enlargement a feasible medical sign of pregnancy?

Answer 19

16+ weeks

Question 20

At what gestation is fetal heart audible via pinned and via sonicaid?

Answer 20

pinard - 24+ weeks

sonicaid - 10+ weeks

Question 21

What does a pregnancy test detect and do?

Answer 21

• measures hCG in urine
• can be detected 7-8 days following ovulation
• positive confirmation of pregnancy by 3 weeks after conception
• waiting 2 weeks after last missed period gives 97% accuracy

Question 22

Why do we need to know accurate pregnancy dates?

Answer 22

• antenatal screening
• arranging ultrasound scans
• induction of labour if needed
• considering termination expiration

Question 23

What does the gestational age assessment do?

Answer 23

Pregnant women should be offered an early ultrasound scan to determine gestational age.
Aims to ensure consistency of gestational age and reduce incidence of prolonged pregnancy