Respiratory System Flashcards
(40 cards)
Cellular Respiration equation
o2 + glucose = co2 + h20 + energy
What is cellular respiration?
the process of breaking sugar into a form that the cell can use as energy. The process take in food and uses it to create ATP (chemical)
State the functions of this system?
The main function is gas exchange.
Homeostasis - maintains pH so blood doesn’t become acidic
Allows us to speak and smell
Define gas exchange
the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs and out of the body
What does this system do to maintain homeostasis?
maintains the pH so blood doesn’t become acidic and therefore dangerous
Where and how does gas exchange occur?
the air sacs of the lungs (the alveoli) by passive diffusion
What is passive diffusion?
movement of any substance to an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
How does breathing aid gas exchange?
continually renewing the air in the lungs
How does perfusion (blood supply to the lungs) aid gas exchange?
Perfusion of the lungs aids gas exchange by removing blood rich in oxygen and supplying blood rich in co2.
Describe the 7 step repetitive process of gas exchange and transport around the body
1 - breathing 2 - gas exchange 3 - gas transport 4 - gas exchange backwards 5 - gas transport 6 - gas exchange 7 - breathing
Two lungs are enclosed within the…
thoracic cage
What does the thoracic cage hold?
ribs, sternum, vertebral column
How many lobes make up the left lung?
2 lobes
How many lobes make up the right lung?
3 lobes
Name the pleura membranes in the lung
‘visceral’ and ‘parietal’
The pleura is 1 membrane folded to create 2, that lines the lungs and the inside of the chest wall. True or False?
True
What does the visceral pleura do?
lines the lungs
What does the parietal pleura do?
lines the inside of the chest wall
The two pleura are continuous forming..
the pleural cavity
Tiny spaces in the the membranes is filled with lubricant called..
pleural fluid
What fluid lines the pleural cavity to allow the two layers to slide past one another when we breathe?
Serous fluid
What 3 things are in the upper respiratory tract?
Nose, Pharynx (throat), Larynx (voice box)
What 4 things are in the lower respiratory tract?
Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli
What is most of the airways lined with, apart from the alveoli (air sacs of the lungs)?
ciliated epithelium (epithelium = tissue)