Conformation

Question 1

why is toed out generally worse than toed in

Answer 1

-young toed in horses my correct with age
-toed out will hit hoofs together causing blemishes

Question 2

T/F horses travel opposite of their structural deviation

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

what is the purpose of tracking the flight path

Answer 3

-check soundness
-check structural integrity

Question 4

ideal angle for the pastern

Answer 4

45°

Question 5

which pastern is naturally steeper

Answer 5

hind pastern

Question 6

what is looked at from the sideview for conformation

Answer 6

shoulder angle
shortness of topline
hip

Question 7

why is shortness of topline important

Answer 7

shorter toplines are stronger and more athletic

Question 8

why are hips important

Answer 8

power to start and stop comes from the him

Question 9

what is one thing that can cause a horse to seem camped under or camped out

Answer 9

the handler not setting them up properly

Question 10

T/F deep pastern is a bigger worry than steep pastern

Answer 10

FALSE. steep pastern is a bigger worry

Question 11

which is better: camped under or camped out? Why?

Answer 11

camped under
less struggle with collection/getting their hind legs under them

Question 12

what is a severe case of buck knee called? non severe?

Answer 12

severe: over at the knee
non severe: soft at the knee

Question 13

what does calf kneed refer to

Answer 13

overextension of the knee

Question 14

between calf kneed and buck kneed which is more likely to lead to unsoundness and lameness

Answer 14

calf kneed

Question 15

what is the average amount of weight horses carry on their front

Answer 15

60%

Question 16

what are other names for sickle-hocked(3)

Answer 16

boomerang leg
set to their hock
angle to the hock

Question 17

why did breeders breed for a sickle hock for a few years

Answer 17

-all around riders thought it made the skills look better to the judges
-reiners thought it would help them stop

Question 18

other names for post legged(2)

Answer 18

posty
too straight behind

Question 19

T/F deep hock always accompanies post leggedness

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

what muscle is to straight in post leggedness

Answer 20

gasket muscle

Question 21

what is cow-hocked

Answer 21

in at the hock
usually toed out

Question 22

what industry is harsh on cow-hocked

Answer 22

stockhorse

Question 23

unsoundness

Answer 23

defects in form/function that interfere with the usefulness of the horse

Question 24

blemish

Answer 24

aquired physical defect that does not interfere with the usefulness of the horse(but can make it harder to stay sound)

Question 25

splints

Answer 25

bony nodules on splint bone caused by bone damage that led to ossification

Question 26

where is the splint bone located

Answer 26

behind the cannon bone

Question 27

what is the most common blemish

Answer 27

splints

Question 28

are splints more common on front or hind limbs

Answer 28

front

Question 29

sidebone

Answer 29

bone on side of hoof sticks out cause unknown, possibly genetic

Question 30

OCDs

Answer 30

chip in hock joint that causes irritation

Question 31

T/F side bone almost always leads to lameness

Answer 31

FALSE. it can cause lameness but not always

Question 32

bowed tendon

Answer 32

permanent blemish in tendon near hock horse may still be sound

Question 33

ringbone

Answer 33

horse arthritis high: between P1 and p2 low: between p2 and p3

Question 34

is high or low ringbone worse

Answer 34

low

Question 35

what increases chances of ringbone

Answer 35

high in pastern

Question 36

capped elbow

Answer 36

fluid mass at elbow caused by irritation or casting in stall

Question 37

capped hock

Answer 37

fluid mass at hock(similar to capped elbow) more common caused by laying on hard surfaces

Question 38

curb

Answer 38

inflammation and thickening of the sheath of an important tendon

Question 39

what breed/conformation is curb most seen in

Answer 39

standardbreds shallow and sickelhocked

Question 40

thoroughpins

Answer 40

distension of deep digital flexor tendon just above hock fluid filled

Question 41

what is thoroughpins usually associated with

Answer 41

poor hock conformation

Question 42

can thoroughpinned horses maintain soundness

Answer 42

yes, many can stay sound

Question 43

bog spavin

Answer 43

-swelling/fluid accumulation of tibiotarsal joint in hock -typically can be minimized

Question 44

bone spavin

Answer 44

permanant ossification of bone at the hock

Question 45

inclusion definition

Answer 45

where the incisors meet

Question 46

what types of horses is mouth conformation most closely checked

Answer 46

breeding horses

Question 47

what is the acceptable deviation for inclusion

Answer 47

within a thumb

Question 48

monkey mouth/sow mouth

Answer 48

bottom jaw sticks out further than top jaw(underbite)

Question 49

parrot mouth

Answer 49

top jaw sticks out further that bottom jaw(underbite)

Question 50

T/F nothing can be done about moth conformational issues

Answer 50

FALSE. if the rest of the horse is sound(can sell for a high price) braces may be applied to correct mouth conformation

Question 51

what is sickle hocked

Answer 51

lower part of leg at an angle

Question 52

what is post legged

Answer 52

gasket muscle it too straight leading

Question 53

front side conformation errors

Answer 53

camped under camped out buck kneed calf kneed

Question 54

hind side conformation errors

Answer 54

sickle-hocked post legged camped under