Feed and Water Intake

Question 1

basic signs of illness

Answer 1

-non clear/excessive nasal discharge
-cough more than 1-2 times at a time
-cough when working
-appear lame
-leave feed untouched
-discharge from eyes
-edema in legs

Question 2

what does stocked up legs refer to

Answer 2

leg edema(most common in hind legs)

Question 3

rostral direction

Answer 3

towards the nose

Question 4

planter direction

Answer 4

towards hind limb below the hock

Question 5

what does B.A.R. stand for

Answer 5

bright
alert
responsive

Question 6

how often should gut sounds occur

Answer 6

every 60 seconds

Question 7

what can be given to lower fever? how is it administered?

Answer 7

banamine, given intravenously

Question 8

how often should fever be checked

Answer 8

every 3-4 hours

Question 9

what happens when a fever breaks

Answer 9

-muscles go limp
-sweating
-sensitive to touch
-temp decreases

Question 10

at what temperature will thermoregulation begin to fail

Answer 10

108.5

Question 11

what happens when the brains thermoregulation fails

Answer 11

proteins coagulate and it can cause organ failure and death

Question 12

what BPM in a resting adult horse becomes worrisome

Answer 12

60 and above

Question 13

T/F horse heart rate decreases with age

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

T/F mares have slightly higher pulses than stallions or geldings

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

how many breaths per minute is normal

Answer 15

8-16

Question 16

what issues can mucosa help identify

Answer 16

-anemia
-congestion
-jaundice
-shock
-colic

Question 17

what to look for when checking mucosa

Answer 17

color
discharge
swelling
hemorrhage

Question 18

mucosa colors and meanings

Answer 18

pink-healthy
fiery red-unhealthy
blue/purple-deathly unhealthy
pale-anemic

Question 19

capillary refill time

Answer 19

time for gums to regain color after pressure, healthy is 1-2 seconds

Question 20

skin pliability

Answer 20

should quickly return to normal when tented, if not it can indicate dehydration

Question 21

dull and sunken eyes indicate what

Answer 21

loss of 4-5% of body weight
vet should be called immediately

Question 22

how often do horses urinate

Answer 22

every 4-6 hours

Question 23

how much urine do horses produce

Answer 23

3-9 quarts(average 5.5)

Question 24

what does brown urine indicate

Answer 24

excess nitrogen

Question 25

what does cloudy urine indicate

Answer 25

calcium carbonate crystals

Question 26

what does blood in urine indicate

Answer 26

genital tract infection

Question 27

what does straining urination indicate

Answer 27

-muscle disorder -nervous system disorder -kidney disease(rare) -bladder infection -sheath obstruction(in males)

Question 28

how often should horses defecate

Answer 28

every three hours

Question 29

T/F stallions and foals defecate less frequently than mares

Answer 29

FALSE. they can defecate up to twice as much

Question 30

what does loose stool indicate

Answer 30

-malabsorption problems

Question 31

how to treat foals with diarrhea

Answer 31

wash the area to prevent scabbing

Question 32

two types of foal diarrhea

Answer 32

-foal heat: onset 7-9 days after parturition when mare enters heat -normal foal diarrhea

Question 33

what causses green feces

Answer 33

high green diets(EX: alfalfa)

Question 34

how do high beet pulp diets affect feces

Answer 34

reddish brown sticky clear film on it

Question 35

how does vegetable oil affect feces

Answer 35

loose, grayish, oily

Question 36

what does mucus on feces indicate

Answer 36

impaction/ delayed passage

Question 37

what does red feces indicate

Answer 37

tear in lower GI tract

Question 38

what can cause tears in lower GI tract

Answer 38

improper palpation

Question 39

treatment for minor tears in lower GI tract

Answer 39

put her in a field for a few weeks with no palpation/breeding to recover

Question 40

T/F large lower GI tract tears can lead to death

Answer 40

TRUE

Question 41

reasons for coprophagy in adults

Answer 41

-boredom(most common) -lacking nutrients -craving undigested fiber, protein, and vitamins

Question 42

T/F horses drink more with automatic water feeders

Answer 42

FALSE. they drink less, it also requires training for horses to use

Question 43

how much does water intake increase in performance horses

Answer 43

2x

Question 44

how much does water intake increase in lactating mares

Answer 44

75% increase

Question 45

changes in behavior indicating illness

Answer 45

-decreased appetite -refusal to eat -quidding -restlessness -exhaustion

Question 46

quidding

Answer 46

balling food then dropping it due to mouth pain

Question 47

changes in physical appearance indicating illness

Answer 47

-dull hair coat -sunken eyes -excessive sweating -excessive salivation -attempts to vomit -nasal, ocular, or vaginal discharge