Congenital HD Flashcards
(27 cards)
This is the most common cause of congenital HD diagnosed in adulthood.
ASD
If a newborn is born with coarctation of the aorta and is in critical condition awaiting surgery, wha medication can you give him to keep the ductus open?
PGE1
BP that is higher in the right arm than legs and a decreased femoral pulse is consistent with what congenital HD?
coarctation of the aorta
What is the treatment for methemoglobinemia?
Methylene blue
If a newborn is born with transposition of the great vessels and the only thing keeping him alive is a patent ductus arteriosum (PDA), what medication can be given to keep the patient alive while awaiting surgery?
PGE1
In terms of location of the shunt, what type of ASD is the most common?
secundum
If a patient presents with idiopathic HTN in early adulthood what congenital HD may he have?
coarctation of the aorta
What amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin needs to be circulating in order to cause cyanosis?
> 2.5-5 g/dl
This congenital HD is most often seen in premature infants.
PDA
What is the non-surgical treatment option for PDA?
Indomethacin (anti-PGE1)
Tetralogy of Fallot is characterized by these 4 features.
- RVOTO
- VSD
- Overriding Aorta
- RVH
This is the most common cyanotic CHD if they survive infancy.
Tetralogy of Fallot
A machinery murmur best heard at the LUSB and a “water-hammer” pulse is consistent with what congenital HD?
PDA
If a newborn is born with transposition of the great vessels what needs to occur to keep him alive?
he needs to have a mixing lesion to survive (PFO, PDA, VSD, ASD)
What is the best way to evaluate murmurs in kids?
Have them perform the valsava. Most innocent murmurs will decrease.
Coarctation of the aorta most often occurs near this landmark. What is the term for this?
ductus arteriosus = juxtaductal
A CXR with a “egg on a string” appearance is consistent with what congenital HD?
transposition of the great vessels
Which of the classifications for transposition of the great vessels is most commonly seen?
D-TGA + intact septum (60%)
A wide, fixed S2 on auscultation is consistent with what congenital HD?
ASD
80% of cases of coarctation of the aorta is associated with what other congenital HD?
bicuspid aortic valve
What is the most common cause of congenital HD?
VSD
What is Eisenmenger’s syndrome?
prolonged high-flow L to R shunt will result in pulmonary HTN and shunt reversal (R to L)
T/F: A patient can have peripheral without central cyanosis, but not central without peripheral cyanosis.
True
A harsh, holosystolic, high pitch murmur on auscultation is consistent with what congenital HD?
VSD
