ENT Flashcards
If a laryngoscopy demonstrates an “omega-shaped” epiglottis that collapses during inspiration + bulky arytenoids that prolapse on inspiration what disease does this patient likely has?
Laryngomalacia
How is otitis externa treated?
topical antibiotic + steroids
*treat both ears
What XR finding is common in tracheitis?
-subglottic hazziness
What is the general safety rule to prevent children from aspirating foreign bodies?
if it can fit through a toilet paper hole it can fit in a patients mouth
The common sign of this condition is a “seal-like barking” cough that further progresses to stridor.
Croup (aka laryngotracheobronchitis)
What PE test is indicative of otitis externa?
pain with manipulation of the tragus and pinna
For all moderate-severe croup what drug therapy is indicated?
single dose steroid (decadron) check spelling
This is the most common congenital anomaly of larynx.
Laryngomalacia (Tracheomalacia)
What foreign body in the nasal passage is an emergency?
battery
What is the classic signs of EBV? (3)
- prominent tender posterior lymphadenopathy
- more prominent fatigue
- periorbital edema
If a patient presents with a sandpaper rash and strawberry tongue what disease should you be concerned about?
-Scarlet Fever
How is mastoiditis treated?
IV antibiotics, sometimes surgery
The most common cause of croup is what?
parainfluenza
How is severe AOM treated? (3 options)
- Amoxicillin x 10 days
- Augmentin x 10 days (if recurrent or refractory)
- Azithromycin x 5 days (PCN allergy)
The rule for ingested foreign body is what?
If the foreign body is in the stomach just let them poop it out.
If the foreign body is in the esophagus they need surgery
Acute mastoiditis is 2x more likely in untreated ___________.
acute otitis media
What is the most common cause of otitis externa?
swimming due to excessive moisture and trauma
What is the treatment for tracheitis?
- Possible intubation
- IV antibiotics (vancomycin)
When would you consider bacterial sinusitis and how would it be treated?
if purulent rhinorrhea more than 2-3 weeks
treat with 2+ weeks of antibiotics
Inspiratory stridor, worsened when supine or agitated. That may be worsened by GERD is common findings for what condition?
Laryngomalacia (Tracheomalacia)
What 2 organisms are often the culprit of otitis externa?
- staph A
- pseudomonas
What findings on CBC is consistent with EBV?
-lymphocytosis + >10% atypical lymphocytes
Why do most infants between 6-36 months of age get AOM?
-they have a shallow angle of the eustachian tube
How is Laryngomalacia treated?
-Reassurance
