Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Congenital Heart Disease Deck (14)
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1
Q

Ductus venosus

A

Connects umbilical vein to IVC
Carries majority of placental blood into IVC
By-passes portal circulation

2
Q

Foramen Ovale

A

Opening of the atrial septum which connects RA to LA
Blood can flow from RA -> LA through an opening “flap” into the LA since in a foetus, RA pressure exceeds LA pressure
After birth, when LA pressure exceeds RA pressure, this pushes the flap closed.

3
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

RV output mainly goes via ductus arteriosus to join the descending aorta
Duct is open due to the circulating PGE’s which is produced by the placenta

4
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Duct fails to close, common in premature babies

constant machinery murmur

5
Q

Congenital heart disease

A

Abnormality of the structure of the heart
Present at birth
Ranges in severity

6
Q

VSD

A

Hole in ventricular septum, not serious

Small - may close spontaneously, easily detectable as there is turbulent blood flow over the narrow orifice

Large - Larger orifice so harder to detect turbulent blood flow

Harsh pan systolic murmur

7
Q

Transposition of the great arteries

A

RA and RV lead to aorta
LA and LV lead to pulmonary artery
Thus it is 2 loops that are incompatible with each other

8
Q

Cardiac failure in babies

A
Moderate/large L->R shunts
Failure to thrive 
Reduced feeding 
SOB 
Sweaty
9
Q

Cyanotic CHD

A

Transposition of the great arteries

Tetrallogy of fallot

10
Q

Acyanotic

A

Shunt from left to right

11
Q

Cyanotic

A

Shunt from right to left

12
Q

Give 3 examples of acyanotic congenital heart diseases

A

Ventricular septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
PFO

13
Q

Give 4 examples of cyanotic congenital heart diseases

A

Trunkus arteriosus
Transposition of the great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Tetralogy of fallot

14
Q

Tetralogy of fallot

A

Don’t DROP the baby

  • ventricular septal Defect
  • Right ventricular hypertrophy
  • Overriding aorta
  • Pulmonary stenosis