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Jason's Reproduction Block > Congenital & Perinatal Infections > Flashcards

Congenital & Perinatal Infections Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

When is?
Prenatal
Perinatal
postnatal/partum

A

Prenatal: before delivery
Perinatal: around time of delivery
postnatal/partum: after delivery

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2
Q

eg. of perinatal infection?

A

group B strep

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3
Q

What is vertical transmission?

A

mother to fetus via placenta

mother to baby via milk (CMV)

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4
Q

What is horizontal transmission?

A

baby or person to another baby

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5
Q

what is a non-specific effect of maternal infection? 2:

A

fetal death

premature delivery

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6
Q

what is a specific effect of maternal infection? 3

A

benign: parvo
end-organ damage: rubella
chronic infection: hep B/C HIV

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7
Q

VZV?

A

varicella zoster virus

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8
Q

varicella zoster virus spread?

A

resp and direct contact

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9
Q

complications of varicella: 3 main:

A
  1. secondary bacterial infection
  2. pneumonitis
  3. acute cerebellar ataxia
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10
Q

What is pupura fulminans?

A

varicella with Group A strep infection

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11
Q

When is varicella in adults most severe?

A

pregnancy d/t immunosuppression

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12
Q

when do most maternal deaths from varicella occur?

A

3rd trimester

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13
Q

congenital varicella zoster virus syndrome?

A

baby can have shingles in utero, get scarring, short limbs etc.

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14
Q

Perinatal Varicella dangerous to neonate?

A

25-30% mortality due to disseminated infection

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15
Q

how to treat preg mom if she gets Varicella? 2 things

A

VZIG
Varicella Zoster immunoglobulin
Acyclovir

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16
Q

cytomegalovirus microscopy?

A

multinucleate giant cells

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17
Q

why cytomegalovirus latent infection?

A

can hide in our WBCs

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18
Q

when does cytomegalovirus shed more?

A

primary infection

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19
Q

when do people get cytomegalovirus in western vs. developing?

A

more as adults: developed

more as children: developing

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20
Q

danger of toddlers getting cytomegalovirus?

A

Mom isn’t immune, could bring it home and infect her and cause problems with baby #2

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21
Q

cytomegalovirus infected lymphocytes look?

Study These Flashcards
A

reactive lymphocytes: enlarged darker cytoplasm/chromatin

22
Q

post-partum cytomegalovirus syndrome?

Study These Flashcards
A

sepsis-like:
hepatomegaly
resp distress
atypical lymphocytosis

23
Q

when is more dangerous to fetus with mom’s cytomegalovirus? primary or reactivation

Study These Flashcards
A

primary because 20-50% chance of fetal infection

reactivation happens in 10-30% but only 1-3% fetal infection

24
Q

3 ways to look for cytomegalovirus for dx in preg:

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. serology
  2. avidity test
  3. look in amniotic fluid
25
screening for babies post partum who are normal at birth include 4 biggies:
auditory Ax visual Ax psychomotor pneumonitis
26
treatment for babies with cytomegalovirus at birth?
ganciclovir
27
Rubella clinical presentation: 4
1. Fever - low-grade 2. lymphadenopathy - occipital, postauricular/cervical 3. exanthem 4. polyarthralgia
28
highest risk of damage to fetus with Rubella at which age?
>4/40 weeks (85% risk of damage)
29
if fetus gets rubella >12/40, what defects only possible?
retinopathy | deafness
30
classic triad for congenital rubella syndrome?
1. opthalmological: cataracts, glaucoma, retinopathy 2. cardiac 3. Auditory: deafness
31
2 ways to Dx fetal Rubella?
serology | amniotic fluid
32
Rubella prevention?
Vaccine pre | vaccine post
33
Rubella vaccine during preg? why?
NOPE. because live attenuated
34
Parvo Virus pathogenesis?
shortens RBC progenitors lifespans
35
Parvo Virus presentation?
fever, rash ('slapped cheek'), maculopapular rash
36
congenital Parvo Virus? causes?
hydrops foetalis (anaemia)
37
How to treat hydrops foetalis (anaemia)?
intrauterine transfusions
38
Herpes Simplex Virus during preg?
abortion, preterm labour, IUGR
39
Herpes Simplex Virus perinatal?
skin-eye-mouth encephalitis disseminated
40
Herpes Simplex Virus management during preg?
Acyclovir for suppression
41
Syphilis fetal prevention
antenatal screening
42
Toxoplasma gondii from? 2 big sources
cats and cat litter | raw meat
43
how many women are chronic carriers?
0.2%
44
Hep B management infant?
vaccination | Hep B immunoglobulin post-partum
45
Hep C usually co-infected with?
HIV
46
Hep C intervention?
None
47
HIV transmission %?
0-30% depending on viral load and membrane rupture
48
Group B Strep acquisition how usually?
ascending colonised at delivery 1% invasive out of 40-70% colonised babies
49
Group B Strep symptoms?
penumonia | septicaemia
50
Group B Strep treatment?
penicillin | gentamicin

Jason's Reproduction Block (22 decks)

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