Testicular Function

Question 1

2 major functions of reproduction?

Answer 1

1. Gametogenesis

2. Hormone secretion

Question 2

where does spermatogenesis occur?

Answer 2

sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules

Question 3

Where is testosterone secreted?

Answer 3

Leydig cells in interstitial tissue

Question 4

Where is estrogen and progesterone secreted?

Answer 4

theca cells

granulosa cells

Question 5

what is Parturition?

Answer 5

labour and delivery

Question 6

Meiosis produces 3 things:

Answer 6

primary gamete
secondary gamete
haploid gamete

Question 7

Spermatogenesis mitotic daughter cell fates?

Answer 7

1. one is kept for germ line

2. other moved toward lumen for Spermatogenesis

Question 8

order of Spermatogenesis names?

Answer 8

spermatogonium
spermatogonia
primary spermatocyte
first meiotic
secondary spermatocyte
second meiotic
spermatids
spermatozoa

Question 9

primary oocytes arrested in?

Answer 9

first meiotic division

Question 10

what hormones made in testes?

Answer 10

Testosterone

dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

Question 11

3 places sex steroids are made:

Answer 11

Ovary
Testis
Adrenal glands

Question 12

Sex steroids: Hypothalamus releases?

Answer 12

GnRH

Question 13

sex steroids: ant pituitary releases?

Answer 13

LH

FSH

Question 14

gonads make what kind of peptide hormones?

Answer 14

Inhibin

activin

Question 15

what do you need to turn testosterone to estradiol?

Answer 15

aromatase

Question 16

FSH targets what in males?

Answer 16

sertoli cells

Question 17

LH influences what in males?

Answer 17

testosterone production

Question 18

what is male short loop feedback?

Answer 18

LH and FSH from ant pituitary -ve feeback to hypothalamus GnRH production

Question 19

what is male long loop feedback?

Answer 19

steroid or peptide hormones from gonads feedback +ve or -ve to hypothalamus and Ant. pituitary

Question 20

external factors affecting hypothalamus?

Answer 20

internal and environmental stimuli. eg. stress

Question 21

3 male accessory glands and ducts?

Answer 21

prostate
seminal vesicle
bulbourethral gland

Question 22

what happens in the epididymis?

Answer 22

sperm maturation

Question 23

what happens in the seminiferous tubules?

Answer 23

sperm production

Question 24

which corpus surrounds the male urethra?

Answer 24

corpus spongiosum

Question 25

sperm production goes from?

Answer 25

outside towards the lumen of seminiferous tubule

Question 26

hormone pathway for male sex characteristics:

Answer 26

``` GnRH LH Leydig cells Testosterone sex characteristics ```

Question 27

hormone pathway for spermatocyte maturation

Answer 27

GnRH LH sertoli cells spermatocyte maturation

Question 28

testosterone effects on nonreproductive actions?

Answer 28

protein anabolism bone growth closure of epiphyses sebaceous gland secretions

Question 29

What does bulbourethral glands contribute?

Answer 29

mucus for lubricant

Question 30

what does prostate contribute to semen?

Answer 30

basic buffers, citric acid, enzymes

Question 31

what does eminial vesciles contribute to semen?

Answer 31

prostaglandins Fructose Vitamin C

Question 32

andropause affects?

Answer 32

~50% of men, still controversial