Connective Tissue Flashcards by ramish aku

Few characteristics of connecitve tissues

Less Cells,
abundant in ECF
from mesoderm

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2 major groups of Connective tissues

Connective Tissue proper

2. Special types of Connective tissues

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Examples of special types of tissues

bones, cartilages
blood
lymphoid tissue 
myeloid 
hemopoietic

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Function of connective tissues

It binds
IT forms the stroma -
avenue where blood vessels form interior organs

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example of connective tissue

Parenchyma - envelopes muscle, funtional component of the cell

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Connective tissues proper is composed of

Extracellular substance
cells / Matrix
blood vessels

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what is ground substance

an intracellular material homogenous hydrated cell.

allows entry and exit of nutrients and oxygen

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What composes ground substance

Proteoglycan
Hyaluroni Acid
Mineral salts
Glycoproteins

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Gags

Glycosaminoglycans

make the Ground substance acidic

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is responsible for the gelatinous substance of the ground substance

Proteoglycan

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Has the most abundant GAGs

Hyaluronic Acid

- also backbone where proteoglycan attaches

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forms the intergral part of the elastic fibers

Glycoproteins

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Extracellular substances/ Matrix composed of

Ground substance

- Fibers

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function of fibers

gives support to the connective tissues

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Types of fibers

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular fibers

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what is the main fiber in connective tissues

Collagen fiber (present in all connective tissues)

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Characteristics of Collagen

-tensile strength
- flexible but not elastic
-colorless/white
pink in HME
-

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Formation of Collagen

Procollagen
Tropocollagen
Fibrils

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how is tropocollagen formed

-twisting of procollagen by H bonds.

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Characteristics of Elastic Fibers

fine fibers
branch and anastomse
insoluble in protein
elastic
resistant to boiling
covered by fibrils

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Formation of Elastic Fibers

Fibroblasts
Mesenchymal cells
Tropoelastin

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Elastogenesis

Formation of Elastic fibers

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Characteristics of Reticular Fibers

made up of Collagen III
branch & anastomone
angyrophilic fibers
have lamina fibroreticularis

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Formation of Reticular fibers

reticular cells

- synthesized and released into ecm

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The cells of of Connective Tissues

- Resident Cells | - Visiting Cells

are cells that are wandering and circulate in the blood stream

Visiting cells

Cells that are made in the connective tissue and stay there

Resident cells

Pluripotent stem cells

common origin of all cells in the body. | -rare in adults, some in the bone marrow

Pluripotent cells spread into diff cells such as

- Mesenchymal - Hemopoietic - Neuronal

Multipotential cell that is around the embryo and umbilical cord

Mesenchymal Cells

Most abundat Cell type in the Connective tissue

Fibroblasts (basophilic)

this cell originates from the mesenchymal and do mitosis

Fibroblasts

Idle/ resting type of cells

Fibrocystes (Acidophilic)

this cell is long and sturdy and clings to collagen fibers

Fibroblasts

Cells that can become active when needed ex. wound healing

Fibrocyctes

Examples of Resident cells

``` Mesenchymal Fibroblasts Adipose Reticular cells Mast cells Macrophages leukocytes plasma cells ```

funtion of Fibroblasts

synthesis of organic components of the ground substance

Fats Cells

Adipose Cells

What does Adipose cells store

lipids, fats, triglyceride

form of fat synthesized from glucose that is from the liver

Chylomicron

Accumulated fat and fat content that has been depleted

Lipoblast

where are fat cells sourced if needed

mesenchymal cells | thet divide twice beforre becoming fat cells

specialized fibroblast that only synthesizes type III collagen and looks bigger than fibroblasts when stained

Reticular cells

this cell contains histamin and heparin,

Mast cells

Is MAst cell abundant in lamina propia of Gi and respiratory tracts underneath the skin

yes. true

differences of Mast and Basphil

Mast - can divide, settle, longer lifespan | Baso- circulate, smaller, mobile

same attributes of Mast cell and Baso

both arise from the bone marrow

origin of Plasma cells

B lymphocytes

Characteristics of plasma cells

- bigger than RBCs - numerous in connective tissue - cannot divide - lifespan 10-20 days

plasma cells produce anti bodies and immunoglobbins | true or false

True

this cell type are present in the whole body and have a lifespan of 2 months to 70 days and carry Heterophagy

Macrophages

This function is the digestion of foreign to cell substance

Heterophagy

Full form of APC

Antigen presenting cells

Types of Macrophages

- Fixed Macro (attaches to fibers) | - Free Macro (wander in ecm)

other classification of macrophages

- resident - inflamatory - activated (apc)macrophages

Difference of fixed and Free macrophages

Fixed- oval N., spindle shape | free - rounded, with pseudopodia

White Blood Cells

Leukocytes

where is WBC produced

bone marrow

Characteristics of Leukocytes

free flowing in the blood | -also in connective tissues

what is the function of leukocytes

gather in inflamed areas of the body

Types of Leukocytes

- Neutrophil - Eosinophil - basophil - monocyte - lymphocyte

Classification of Connective tissues

Collagenous | - Loose Collagenous CT

Describe collagenous CT

- ordinary - most abundat - collagen I - before fibroblast

Types of collagenous tissues

- Dense | - loose

2 types of dense CCT

- regular | - irregular

what is regular CCT

-regular - definite pattern, tendons,ligaments, fib membranes

what is irregular CCT

- runs in various directions | - forms dermins, bones, dura matter, sheat of the nerves

2nd type of CCT

Loose collagenous tissue

characteristics of Loose CCT

- aerolar - abundant in dense CT - forms = hpodermis, tunica adv., lamina propia, submucosa of GIT

Special types of connective tissue

- adipose - reticular - elastic - mucous

Adipose Tissue

-adipocyte -energy storage - thermal insulator - shock absorber - 12-14% Male 20-25% female

Excess of 25% adipose tissue

overweight/ obese

Two type of adipose Tissue

- Yellow | - Brown

Yellow lipid

- lipid in single vacoule - leptin targets hypothala - obese people resistant to leptin

Brown

- numerous vacoules - in baby 2-5% - coloration due to mitochondria

Reticular Tissue

- reticular cell | - supporting frame work of liver, hemopeotic tissue and lymphoid

Elastic tissue

- fibrobalst - eleastic fiber - in ligament of penis .

Mucous Tissue

Ground susbatance- gel like - GAG = Hyaluronic acid - embryos none in adults

Connective Tissue Flashcards

(78 cards)