Connective tissue

Question 1

Connective tissue characteristics (1)

Answer 1

Relatively few cells

Question 2

Connective tissue characteristics (2)

Answer 2

Large amount of extracellular matrix (nonliving material, outside the cells)

Question 3

What are two examples of materials in the extracellular matrix?

Answer 3

Ground substance and fibers

Question 4

Connective tissue characteristics (3)

Answer 4

Extracellular matrix determines tissue properties

Question 5

Is connective tissue vascularized?

Answer 5

Yes, except for cartilage and blood

Question 6

Connective tissue functions (1)

Answer 6

Support and protection

Question 7

Connective tissue functions (2)

Answer 7

Defense (look out for pathogens)

Question 8

Connective tissue functions (3)

Answer 8

Passageway for nerves and vessels to transport/exchange via blood and fluid + insulation and fat storage

Question 9

What are the cells derived from?

Answer 9

Mesenchyme (detached cells in embryo)

Question 10

What do cells secrete?

Answer 10

Extracellular matrix

Question 11

Could connective tissue possibly have other cells?

Answer 11

Yes, example: defense cells

Question 12

What do collagen fibers do?

Answer 12

Resist tension (pulling) like a steel cable

Question 13

Collagen fibril

Answer 13

Group of collagen molecules bound together

Question 14

Collagen fiber

Answer 14

Group of collagen fibrils bound together

Question 15

Each reticular fiber is made of _____

Answer 15

Specialized collagen fibrils

Question 16

Fibers are ____

Answer 16

Short, thin branches

Question 17

What do reticular fibers form?

Answer 17

Delicate networks with lots of space

Question 18

What are reticular fibers good for?

Answer 18

Smooth gliding, deformation

Question 19

Where are reticular fibers used?

Answer 19

Boundaries of tissues (surrounds capillaries = smallest blood vessels)

Question 20

Elastic fibers main protein is ___

Answer 20

Elastin

Question 21

Elastic fibers

Answer 21

HIGHLY elastic (recoils to original shape after being stretched)

Question 22

Elastin molecules link to form what?

Answer 22

Make large groups to form a fiber (NO FIBRILS)

Question 23

What is in the matrix?

Answer 23

Interstitial fluid and additional components like calcium salt in bones

Question 24

What are the four classes of CT?

Answer 24

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood

Question 25

What do fibroblasts turn into and what do they do?

Answer 25

Fibroblasts secrete matrix then become fibrocytes which maintain the matrix

Question 26

Loose connective tissue

Answer 26

Lots of ground substance, few fibers

Question 27

Areolar tissue

Answer 27

Most widespread, generic CT, lots of tissue fluid, adjoins all epithelia

Question 28

Dense connective tissue

Answer 28

Lots of collagen fibers, good at resisting tension/pulling forces

Question 29

What does areolar have to fight infections and store energy?

Answer 29

All three fiber types and defense cells

Question 30

Adipose tissue

Answer 30

Mostly fat cells

Question 31

Where is adipose tissue found?

Answer 31

In hypodermis (superficial fascia) which is located under the dermis

Question 32

Where is visceral fat found?

Answer 32

Around internal organs

Question 33

Where is reticular CT found?

Answer 33

Exclusively in lymphoid structure (spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow)

Question 34

What type of CT is in reticular CT?

Answer 34

Dense regular (all collagen fibers run and resist tension in one direction)

Question 35

Where is elastic CT?

Answer 35

In bronchial tubes, artery walls, some intervertebral ligaments

Question 36

What fibers does elastic CT have other than elastic?

Answer 36

Collagen fibers

Question 37

Cartilage

Answer 37

Ground substance attracts and holds large amount of water, very flexible/resilient

Question 38

What is the evolution of cells in cartilage?

Answer 38

Cells are chondroblasts (secrete matrix) then become chondrocytes (maintain matrix inside lucanae)

Question 39

What are two characteristics about cartilage?

Answer 39

They are avascular (heal slowly) and not innervated

Question 40

Hyaline cartilage

Answer 40

Most common, has collagen fibrils (no fibers)

Question 41

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

Answer 41

In developing and growing bones, joints, and respiratory tubes

Question 42

Elastic cartilage

Answer 42

Has collagen fibrils and elastic fibers, more tolerant of repeated bending than other types

Question 43

Where is elastic cartilage found?

Answer 43

In external ear

Question 44

Bone fibers

Answer 44

Only have collagen fibers, resists tension

Question 45

Bone ground substance

Answer 45

Calcium salts (mostly), resists compression

Question 46

Bone cells

Answer 46

Osteoblasts secrete matrix

Question 47

Is blood connective tissue?

Answer 47

Yes

Question 48

Blood

Answer 48

Large amount of extracellular matrix (plasma), develops from mesenchyme