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HOSA Behavioral Health > Consciousness > Flashcards

Consciousness Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

consciousness brain parts

A

thalamus + reticular formation

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2
Q

consciousness

A

results from activity changes in the brain networks

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3
Q

DMN

A

default mode network
- maintains high lvl of unconscious bg activity & helps prepare for conscious thought

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4
Q

biological clock

A

internal mechanism that gives approx. schedule for lots of physical processes

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5
Q

circadian rhythm

A

controlled by hypothalamus and gives schedule for physical processes

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6
Q

EEG recordings

A

electroencephalogram recordings provide measure of overall brain activity

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7
Q

beta wave

A

alert waking

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8
Q

alpha wave

A

relaxed waking

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9
Q

gamma wave

A

attention to sensory input

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10
Q

daydreaming (part of DMN)

A

spontaneous, subjective experiences in a no-task, no-stimulus, no-response situation

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11
Q

N-REM

A

deep physical relaxation
1. when we go to sleep (denial that we are asleep)
2. reduction of HR and muscle tension (sleep through familiar stimuli but wake to unexpected stimuli)
3. deep sleep

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12
Q

REM

A

rapid eye movement
- waking w/ rapid motions of eyes, muscular paralysis and activated sympathetic nervous system
- between 90 and 120 mins after sleep
- HR, BP and breathing speed up and muscles twitch

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13
Q

sleep walking

A
  • occurs in stages 3-4 of NREM sleep
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14
Q

sleep talking

A

occurs in stages 1-2 of NREM sleep

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15
Q

dreaming

A

lack of self-awareness

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16
Q

lucid dreaming

A

can control content of dream
- increased activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex

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17
Q

nightmares

A

when content of REM dream is upsetting

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18
Q

night terrors

A

unsmooth transition from stage 4 N-REM sleep - stressed in deep sleep
- occurs within first 3 hrs of sleep

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19
Q

insomnia

A
  • most common after nightmares
  • medication: Zolpidem
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20
Q

onset insomnia

A

person lies in bed for long but can’t sleep

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21
Q

maintenance insomnia

A

person is frequently interrupted or early waking occurs - usually coz of stress

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22
Q

narcolepsy

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A

sleep attacks where REM sleep occurs during wakefulness

23
Q

cataplexy

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A

muscle paralysis occurs during wakefulness when conscious
- can end by touching person

24
Q

sleep apnea

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A

breathing can stop for a minute or two and person usually wakes up gasping for iar

25
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome - when healthy infant dies when asleep - first 6 months of life
26
RLS
restless leg syndrome - involuntary movement of an extremity
27
coma
abnormal state of deep unconsciousness - no sleep-wake cycle - when both cerebral hemispheres or reticular formation are damaged - lasts 2-4 weeks
28
VS
vegetative state - wakefulness w/o consciousness - eyes open periodically, teeth grind, scream, smile, cry, respond to pain
29
brain death
lack of measurable brain activity - no response to external stimuli
30
near-death experiences
altered state of consciousness - reports by people close to death - "out of body" experience don't wanna go back to body
31
seizures
uncontrolled electrical disturbances in brain -> changes in consciousness
32
epilepsy
recurring seizures
33
partial seizures
originate in focal area - temporal lobe aura: premonition that seizure gon happen
34
generalized seizures
abnormal activation of circuits connecting cortex and thalamus
35
tonic-clonic seizure
loss of consciousness, cessation of breathing, intense muscular contraction, violent rhythmic contractions, short period of coma
36
absence seizure
loss of consciousness, awareness of surroundings, can only turn head or do eye movement
37
psychoactive drugs
can alter state of consciousness
38
hallucinogen
stimulates experience of false perceptions
39
stimulant
any drug that increases activity of nervous system
40
tolerance
when its built against regular amounts, more drugs gotta be taken
41
withdrawal
response to removal of habitually administered drugs
42
addiction
dependence on substance/activity
43
addiction - decision making
- reflective system in frontal lobes that weighs pros and cons of decision and control impulsive can be damaged
44
marijuana (cannabis)
excitation, vivid imagery, mild euphoria, hallucinogen
45
caffeine
- excitation and alertness - withdrawal symptoms: fatigue + headaches
46
LSD
serotonin - vivid and colourful visual hallucinations + intrusive and involuntary hallucinations + flashbacks
47
nicotine
acetylcholine - smoked/chewed tobacco - increased HR and BP, less tired, improve cognitive performances, relaxed muscle
48
cocaine and amphetamines
dopamine - alertness, elevated mood, confidence, sense of well-being - hallucinations, delusional feats that others are gonna kill them, repetitive motor behaviors
49
methylphenidate (ritalin)
dopamine + norepinephrine - alert and concentrate, affect sleep and appetite
50
MDMA (ecstasy)
serotonin + oxytocin - increased HR, BP and temperature - dehydration, exhaustion, hyperthermia, convulsions, death
51
alcohol
GABA, dopamine - low doses: dilated blood vessels (flushed), low anxiety - high doses: aggression, risky behaviors, poor motor coordination - insane doses: maybe coma, death from suppression of breathing or aspiration of vomit
52
opioids
endogenous endorphins - low doses: euphoria, pain relief, reduced anxiety, relaxed muscle, sleep - high doses: strong euphoria and depression, can lead to death
53
hypnosis
altered state of consciousness + relaxation + increased suggestibility
54
meditation
alteration of consciousness - positive emotion and lack of thoughts

HOSA Behavioral Health (10 decks)

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