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Consolidation exam questions Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

What part of the airway causes the wheezing in asthma?

A

Narrowed lumen of bronchi and bronchioles

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2
Q

What 3 things can result from having a flail chest?

A
  1. hypoventilation with retention of CO2
  2. Respiratory acidosis
  3. pH is more acidic then normal
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3
Q

What are 3 signs and symptoms of pneumonia that can be absent in the elderly?

A
  1. Pleurisy
  2. Productive cough
  3. Fever
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4
Q

True or false?
Central cyanosis does not indicate respiratory distress in pediatrics

A

True

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5
Q

What can deep suction cause in neonates?

A

bradycardia

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6
Q

What should be your course of action for a neonate with a fever?

A

Life threatning + immediate transportation

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7
Q

What is choanal Atresia?

A

When a baby can’t nurse and breathe at the same time

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8
Q

What is a sign of dehydration in an infant?

A

Abnormal rapid heart rate

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9
Q

True of False?
Nitric oxide levels rise with the administration of nitroglycerin.

A

True

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10
Q

True or False?
Hemolysis resulting in hyperkalemia is seen in heat stroke?

A

True

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11
Q

What are 3 complications associated with inhalation injury?

A
  1. aspiration pneumonia
  2. Shock
  3. pneumomediastinum
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12
Q

What are the effects of epinephrine on the vital signs?

A

Peripheral vasoconstriction and bronchodilation

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13
Q

Gastroenteritis can cause what type of shock?

A

Hypovolemic shock

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14
Q

What causes actue tubular necrosis?

A

Ischemia

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15
Q

True or False?
Glucocorticoids promote glycogenesis.

A

True

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16
Q

What are 3 signs of hypoglycemia?

A
  1. disorientation
  2. Behaviour changes
  3. Convulsions
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17
Q

What is a complication of HHS?

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A

Thrombotic event

18
Q

What are the responsible hormones in a diabetic emergency?

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A

Insulin and adrenaline

19
Q

What are (2) complications of JVD?

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A
  1. Increased pulmonary artery pressure
  2. Right sided heart failure
20
Q

What arrhythmia is described as “action potential that doesn’t occur, resulting in ineffective contractions”

21
Q

What 2 cardiac conditions are associated with atrial fibrilation?

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A

CHF and valvular disease

22
Q

What are 3 causes of 2nd degree HB (Mobitz I)?

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A
  1. increased vagal tone
  2. Acute inferior MI
  3. Drug effect
23
Q

What are 3 causes of PEA?

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A
  1. Hypovolemia
  2. Cardiac tamponade
  3. Tension pneumothorax
24
Q

What can severe anemia lead to?

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A

angina and CHF

25
What artery is torn during an epidural hematoma?
Tear of the middle meningeal artery
26
What is the thinnest area of the skull?
Temporal bone
27
Why are the signs and symptoms of ICP delayed in the eldery?
Cuz of cerebral atrophy
28
What can cause hypovolemic shock in a diabetic patient? (3)
1. dehydration 2. Osmotic diuresis 3. Polyuria
29
What are 3 causes of hypovolemic shock?
1. Peripheral vasodilation 2. Increase permeability 3. Decreased hemoglobin circulation
30
Seizures can result in what 4 pathologies?
1. hypoxia 2. Hypoglycemia 3. Metabolic imbalance 4. Stroke
31
True of False? Status epilepticus can result in hypoxia and hypoglycemia.
True
32
How do you identify blood with CSF?
Blood with an outer ring of clear fluid.
33
What are the stages of herniation (in order)?
diencephalon, midbrain, pons, medulla.
33
What are 3 compensation mechanisms for increased ICP
1. Decreased CSF production 2. Increased CSF reabsorption 3. CSF displacing into the spinal canal
34
What are 2 complications of a femur fracture?
1. Decreased cardiac output due to hypovolemia 2. Fat embolism causing pulmonary distress
35
What is the treatment for a torn tendon?
Imobilize by splinting
36
What artery is most at risk for comprimise during dislocation?
Popiteal artery
37
What's the most common open fracture?
Tibia
38
What is the most common frcatured bone
Clavicle
38
What are 3 consequences of Crush Syndrome?
1. Extravasion of blood 2. Poor kidney perfusion 3. Traumatic rhabdo
39
What causes the pain in Compartement Syndrome?
Swelling and muscle ischemia
40
What are 2 risk factors of pelvic fractures?
1. Occult bleeding in retroperitoneal space 2. Ruptured bladder

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