Construction Technology and Enviromental Services Flashcards
Why do you undertake maintenance
- To preserve the value and quality of the investment in the asset.
- To comply with lease obligations
- To reduce the unavailability period resulting from failures, to a level acceptable to the property occupier.
- To comply with a range of legal requirements that apply to the health and safety aspects of property related assets. e.g. Gas Safety Regulations 1998
- To comply with The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007
What is Planned Preventative Maintenance
Planned action that can be scheduled, budgeted and arranged to suit the operations of the building’s occupiers.To assess the maintenance requirements of an asset over an agreed period of time.
The RICS released a new guidance note in February indicating best PPM practice.
What are some benifits of Planned Preventative Maintenance
- Overall Costs are Lower - additional cost of damages and reactive maintaince is offset by PPM
- Increased Safety - the likelihood of large scale,
dangerous and catastrophic failures and breakdowns are reduced - Concurrent activitys - activities can be planned to be completed at the same time to minimise cost impact e.g. painting / roof cleaning
- Less disruptions - maintaince can be planned around shutdowns or quiet times.
What are some disadvantages of Planned Preventative Maintenance
- Initial Costs - higher initial costs in terms of set up in comparison to other maintenance strategies.
- Planning Needed - planned maintenance team can curate a specific schedule for your business which suits your needs.
What is Reactive Maintenance
Reactive maintenance are repairs that are completed after equipment has already broken down. Reactive facilities management and maintenance focuses on restoring the equipment to operating conditions as close to normal as possible.
What are some benifits of Reactive Maintenance
- Little planning needed - do not need to spend time and money planning for maintenance or creating a maintenance schedule.
- No Regular Outgoings - do not have to replace working anually
What are some disadvantages of Reactive Maintenance
- High risk - Facilities may succumb to maintenance issues on a more regular basis
- Addiitional damage - may be caused by issues that go undiscovered.
- Reactivemaintenance - there still may be some unplanned maintenance needed
What is deferred maintenance
Deferred maintenance is repairs to infrastructure and assets that get delayed and backlogged because of budget limitations and lack of funding.
what factors when considering Outsourcing vs In House Maintenance
Factors to consider when deciding to outsource or keep in house maintenance; Overall cost impact, Response times, Operating hours, Expectation of users or Approach to risk.
What are some typical required decibel levels
Theaters / Halls 25-30 DB
Bedrooms / Hotel rooms / Carehomes 25-30 DB
Living rooms / Class roomms / Flats 30-45 DB
Offices / Private Work Rooms 40-45 DB
Corridors / Open Offices / Bathrooms 45-55 DB
How do you design an accoustic wall
coustics are often a key client requirement especially for internal partitions. Typically we use British Gypsums white book selector to specify a wall to achive specific acoustic requirements.
What would you include within a specification to improve the acoustics of a wall
- Double up the plasterboard
- Pug insulation between the studs
- Double stud creating a cavity
- Stagger studs so both faces do not touch
- Resiliant bars
- Accoustic tape along the studs
How is sound transfered through the structure
Airbourne sound - Sound waves that move through the air such as talking or music
Impact sound - A sound wave that moves through a solid medium such as footsteps or door closing
Flanking sound - Sound that transmits between spaces indirectly, going over or around, rather than directly through the main separating element.
How do you prevent flanking sound
Review the wall, floor and ceiling junction details to ensure that they are correctly insulated. The installation of acoustic tape at typical sound flanking locations can reduce sound transmission.
What is single phase power
Single-phase power - Single phase simultaneously changes the supply voltage of an AC power by a system. Typically used to supply domestic properties as cannot handle heavy electrical loads.
What is three phase power
Three-phase power - Three-phase power supply requires four wires, namely one neutral wire and three-conductor wires. The three conductor wires alter their current alternate at varying times ensuring that the power never drops and therefore is used for commecial and a higher electrical loads
How does three phase and single phase power supply compare
Cost - Installation cost is higher for three-phase
Voltage - In a single-phase power supply upto 230V, whereas a three-phase power supply maximizes up to 415V.
Efficency - A single-phase power cannot start by themselves, requiring a start up motor, three-phase does not
Why were the colours of electrical wires changed in the UK
The wire colours in the UK changed in 1977 and 2004, the 1977 change was an update by the Institution of Electrical Engineers and the 2004 change was to adopt the new European standards International Electrotechnical Commission.
What are the colours of electrical wires in the UK
Pre-2004;
Earth = Green/yellow (green pre 1970)
Netural = Black
Live = Red
Post-2004
Earth = Green/yellow
Netural = Blue
Live = Brown
Why is ventilation required
Moderate internal temperatures.
Reduce the accumulation of moisture, odours and other gases that can build up during occupied periods.
Create air movement which improves the comfort of occupants.
