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Gynaecology and Obstetrics > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Contraceptive method that prevents ovulation

A

COCPs
POPs
Lactational Amenorrhea

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2
Q

Contraceptive method that prevents sperms reaching the oocyte

A

Sterilization

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3
Q

Contraceptive method that prevents embryo implantation in the uterus

A

IUDs
LNG-IUS

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4
Q

Contraceptive method that allows sprem in the vagina but prevent further passage

A

Vaginal diaphragm
Cup

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5
Q

Contraceptive method that prevents sperm in the vagina

A

Condom

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6
Q

Contraceptive method that kills the sperm

A

Spermicidal agents

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7
Q

Medical Eligibility criteria (MEC) levels

A

MEC Category I - No restriction
MEC Category II - Benefits > Risk
MEC Category III - Risks > Benefits
MEC Category IV - Unacceptable health risk

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8
Q

What are the absolute contraindications of CHCs?

A

HTN
CVA
DVT
MI
BCA
Migraine w/ Aura
Age >35
Smoker
Liver tumors
Estrogen-dependent tumor

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9
Q

What is the MOA of CHCs?

A

It inhibits ovulation by stopping negative feedback (decreases FSH and LH)

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10
Q

CHCs different forms

A

Pills
Patch
Ring

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11
Q

Pills has

A

low dose estrogen and progestin

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12
Q

Women who get symptomatic during pill free period, what will you advise?

A

Take pill continuously without the 7 day pill-free period

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13
Q

Patch has ____________ and _______________ and used for 21 days

A

ethinylestradiol
norelgestromin

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14
Q

Where is the patch applied?

A

Any skin area - lower abdomen, arm, buttocks
Site CTD -Breast

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15
Q

Ring has _____________ and _______________

A

ethinylestradiol
etonorgestrel

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16
Q

If 1 pill is missed OR if the pill taken 24-48 hours late

A

Take the last missed mill
Continue the pack as usual
Leave the earlier missed pill
NO CONTRACEPTION NEEDED

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17
Q

If >2 pills are missed OR if pill taken >48 hours late then

A

Take the last missed mill
Continue the pack as usual
Leave the earlier missed pill
If 1st week → Use emergency CTC
If 2nd week → No need
If 3rd week → Directly start a new pack after the 21th pill WITHOUT 7 pill free days

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18
Q

If Patch is missed for ______then emergency ctc is needed

A

48 hours

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19
Q

If ring is missed for ________ then emergency ctc is needed

A

3 hours

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20
Q

Risk of venous thromboembolism is greatest during ________ year of use of COCPs

A

1st year

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21
Q

To prevent venous thromboembolism when prolonged immobility >3hrs

A

Exercise and Graded compression stockings

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22
Q

COCPs use decrease the risk of __________ cancers

A

Colorectal
Endometrial
Ovarian

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23
Q

COCP use increases the risk of ____________ cancers

A

Breast
Cervical

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24
Q

POPs are extremely safe to use if a woman has _______________ risk factors

A

Cardiovascular risk factors

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25
Low dose progesterone inhibits ovulation ____________
inconsistently
26
POPs are ideal for a woman who ___________________
wants pills but can't use COCPs
27
POPs are used in women with
Breastfeeding Old age CVDs Diabetes SCD
28
Disadvantages of POP
Irregular menses Functional ovarian cysts Breast tenderness Mood swings Acne Headache
29
If a POP pill is missed
- take missed POP, use condom and have emergency ctc
30
Injectable IM
- Depo provera (medroxyprogesterone)
31
Injectable SC
Sayana press (medroxyprogesterone)
32
Progesterone injection frequency -
12-14 weeks
33
Injectables are a type of ________ ctc
long term
34
Injectables Progesterones are used to treat ______________
Dysmenorrhea or Heavy periods
35
Injectables have _______ return in fertility while Subdermal implants have _________ return in fertility
delayed rapid
36
Injectables are not for those who wish for _________ ctc
short term
37
There is increased risk of HIV by using ____________
Depo provera
38
Subdermal implants are inserted in ____________ under LA
Non dominant arm 8cm above medial epicondyle
39
Nexplanon - 1 rod - _______________ - 3 yr CTC
etonorgestrel (nExplanon - 2nd letter is E and it has 1 L in it)
40
Uniplant - 1 rod - ________________- 1 year CTC
nomgesterol (uNiplant - 2nd letter is N and it has 1 L in it) Uniplant - uni means 1 so single rod
41
Jedelle - 2 rod - _________________ - 3-5 years
Levonorgestrel (jedeLLe - it has 2 Ls and 2 Ls also mean 2 rods so it is longer)
42
_______________ - 1 rod - etonorgestrel - 3 yr CTC ___________- 1 rod - nomgesterol - 1 year CTC __________ - 2 rods - levonorgesterel - 3-5 yrs CTC
Nexplanon Uniplant Jedelle
43
Subdermal implants are for those who _____________
Who forget to take pills
44
Progesterone releasing IUD (LNG-IUD) types
Mirena Jaydess or Skyla
45
Mirena - ___ years Jaydess/ Skyla - ____ years
Mirena - 5 years Jaydess/ Skyla - 3 years
46
MOA of LNG-IUD -
Makes the endometrium unfavorable for implantation and thickens the cervical mucus
47
LNG-IUDs are used for tx of
HMB, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain (endometriosis and adenomyosis) and prevents endometrial hyperplasia
48
Risk of teratogenicity if pregnancy occurs -
LNG-IUD
49
Persistent spotting and irregular bleeding when using early
LNG-IUD
50
IUDs are used in ___________
long term contraception where regular compliance is not needed
51
IUD ctc duration
3-10 years
52
Copper IUD used in women _________ so left in place until menopause
>40 year
53
If hormone IUD is used in women __________ so left in place until menopause
>45 year
54
CTD of IUD
Pregnancy, PID, Ectopic preg hx, malformation of uterus, copper allergy
55
IUD types
Copper IUD Hormonal LNG-IUD
56
MOA of Copper IUD -
Inflty rxn around uterine lining and inhibits sperm motility
57
Side effects of IUD -
Increased menstrual blood loss Increased dysmenorrhea IUD expulsion pregnancy (remove IUD within 12 weeks) Pelvic infxn (Actinomyces like organism) Uterine perforation
58
Positive ALO in symptomatic patients -
penicillin + remove IUD
59
Tx of IUD complications -
Laparoscopy Laparotomy
60
IUD decrease the risk of __________________
Ectopic Pregnancy
61
LARC -
Cu-IUD LNG-IUD Progesterone Implants
62
____________ is the most effective contraceptive method
LARC
63
What is LARC
Long acting reversible contraception
64
Most common barrier method is ________
condom
65
Failure rate of condom is _________
24%
66
Vaginal diaphragm is placed between ________________ and ________________
the posterior vaginal fornix and the pubic symphysis
67
Vaginal diaphragm failure rate is _________
18%
68
Vaginal diaphragm has ______________ as a spermicidal agent
Nonoxynol N-9
69
Fitting by a trained person is required in ____________ (condom/diaphragm)
diaphragm
70
Diaphragm is inserted 1 hour prior to intercourse and removed after _________ hours
6 hours
71
Emergency CTC is AKA
morning after pill Post coital ctc
72
Two types of Emergency CTC -
Hormonal and Copper bearing IUD
73
_______________ is the most effective emergency CTC
Copper IUD
73
Copper bearing IUD - MOA
inhibit implantation if fertilization has occured
74
Hormonal Emergency Pills - Levonorgestrel (____ hours) Ulipristal acetate (____ hours)
Levo - 96 hours Ulipristal - 120 hours
75
Hormonal Emergency ctc - MOA
delay ovulation and sperms lose the ability to fertilize
76
Sterilization is ideal for relatively ______________________
older couples
77
Semen analysis should be done at ______ weeks after vasectomy to see if any sperm are still present
12
78
Tubal ligation is done by -
Laparoscopy, Laparotomy, Hysteroscopy
79
Laparotomy is done during
C-section
80
Laparoscopy - Under ____ Use alternative ctc unti ______________
GA menstruation occurs
81
________________ is suitable for patients who cannot tolerate surgery (obese, previous surgery)
Hysteroscopy
82
Hysteroscopy uses ______________ and confirmed by Xray or US
Micro-inserts
83
What is post-tubal ligation syndrome?
Increased menstrual bleeding
84
What are some Miscellaneous Techniques?
Calendar method (8-18 days) Temparature method Lactational amenorrhea <6months

Gynaecology and Obstetrics (13 decks)

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