Contraception Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is the most effective form of contraceptives
Hormonal implant and IUD copper coil
What is menopause
Natural biological process marking the end of a women’s reproductive years
Occurs 12 months after last period
What are the symptoms of menopause
Hot flushes and night sweats
Vaginal dryness
Mood changes
Decreased libido
Weight gain
Memory problems
Irregular period leading up to menopause
What is the benefit of oestrogen found in HRT products
Replaces declining estrogen levels and helps with hot flushes, vaginal dryness and mood swings
Protects against osteoporosis
What is the benefit of progesterone found in HRT products
Protects the uterus lining
Reduces the risk of endometrial cancer
What choice therapy should be given and avoided in a women with a uterus
GIVE: combined HRT
AVOID : Estrogen only
Remember the uterus makes estrogen
What choice therapy should be given and avoided in a perimenopausal women or within 12 months of her menstrual period
GIVE: Cyclical/ sequential combined HRT
AVOID : continuous combined HRT
Reason: she’s still producing both of the hormones so doesn’t need them all the time
What choice therapy should be given and avoided in a woman without uterus
GIVE: estrogen only
AVOID: Combined HRT
No uterus= no estrogen being made
What 4 factors increase the risk of breast cancer
Long duration of HRT use
Higher dose of hormones
Starting HRT later
Personal or family history
What 4 factors minimise the risk of breast cancer
Estrogen only HRT
Short term use
Lower dose of HRT
Regular breast screening and self examination
What 4 factors increase the risk of blood clots
Oral HRT
Increased age
Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
Smoking
What 4 factors minimise the risk of blood clots
Transdermal HRTB
Maintaining a healthy weight
Non smokers
What 3 factors increase the risk of stroke
Increased age
Oral HRT
High blood pressure
What 3 factors minimise the risk of stroke
Transdermal HRT
Decreased blood pressure and maintaining CV health
Lower doses of oestrogen
What 3 factors increase the risk of endometrial (uterine) cancer
Using estrogen only HRT
Higher doses of estrogen or prolonged use without progesterone
Obesity
What 4 factors minimise the risk of endometrial (uterine) cancer
Use combined HRT
Use low dose estrogen
Short term use
Regular screening
