Type 1 Diabetes Flashcards
(13 cards)
What type of regimen should a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes be on
Basal bolus regimen
In a basal-bolus routine, what type of insulins can be used as the ‘basal’ part
Insulin detemir twice daily at bedtime
Insulin glargine once daily at bedtime
When should the basal part of the basal-bolus regimen for type 1 diabetes be taken
At bedtime
In a basal-bolus routine, what type of insulins can be used as the ‘bolus’ part
Insulin aspart
Insulin lispro
Insulin glulisine
When should the bolus part of the basal-bolus regimen for type 1 diabetes be taken
15 minutes before food
What things should be told to a patient when counselling on insulin
There’s 8
Monitor blood glucose 4 times/ day
Inject at a 90 degrees angle and dispose of sharps appropriately
Signs of DKA
Tell DVLA if they drive
Have emergency contact numbers accessible
Complex carbs at meal time
Rotating injection sites
Signs of hypoglycaemia and what to do
What is DKA (Diabetic ketoacidosis)
Caused by lack of insulin resulting in a build up of ketones
Signs of DKA
Fruity breath
Polyuria
Thirst
Diarrhoea
Fatigue
Blurred vision
How do you manage DKA
IV glucose and IV insulin to avoid hypoglycaemia and check hourly
Give IV potassium ( insulin can decrease potassium levels)
Disconnect IV after 30 minutes
Give fast acting insulin after next meal
What mmol/l is characterised as hypoglycaemia
Less than 4mmol/l
What are the signs of hypoglycaemia
Increased thirst
Hunger
Tingling lips
Sweating
Irritability
Dizziness
Fatigue
Confusion
Blurred vision
Palpitations
Trembling
How do you manage hypoglycaemia in a conscious patient
10-20ng oral glucose
Should that not work, repeat 3 times in 15 minute intervals and call an ambulance
Follow up with complex carb meal
How do you manage hypoglycaemia in a unconscious patient
IM glucagon
