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biology yr 13 > contraction of skeletal muscle > Flashcards

contraction of skeletal muscle Flashcards

1
Q

what does the sarcoplasm have a lot of

A

mitochondria

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2
Q

where are the myofibrils found

A

sarcomere

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3
Q

what are the two components of myosin

A

fibrous filament
globular

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4
Q

what is actin made of

A

globular proteins
tropomyosin

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5
Q

what is tropomyosin

A

long chains around actin

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6
Q

what is the first step of muscle contraction

A

calcium ions enter the sarcoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

how do calcium ions enter

A

through active transport

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8
Q

how does calcium ions enter and where does it go from

A

active transport from the sarcoplasm to the sarcoplamic reticulum

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9
Q

what does the presence of calcium ions cause

A

tropomyosin to move off the actin exposing actin binding sites

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10
Q

what does the exposing of actin binding sites mean

A

myosin head binds to actin binding site

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11
Q

what also binds to the actin-binding site

A

adp

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12
Q

what is created when the myosin head binds to actin binding site

A

crossbridge

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13
Q

how does this then cuase muscle contraction

A

myosin head then becomes cocked and pulls the actin over the myosin

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14
Q

what does the pulling of the actin over the myosin cause

A

causes ADP to be released

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15
Q

after ADP is released what happens to the myosin head

A

an ATP molecule binds to myosin head

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16
Q

what does the binding of ATP onto myosin cuase

A

causes the myosin head to dettach from the actin

17
Q

once dettached then what happens

A

ATP is hydrolised

18
Q

what is Atp hydrolised by

A

ATPase

19
Q

what does the hydrolisis of atp cause

A

causes the ADP to dettach from myosin head

20
Q

what does dettachment of ATP mean for myosin

A

myosisn head returns to normal

21
Q

now the myosin head has returned to normal what can happen

A

ADP and Pi can attach to myosin head

22
Q

what does this mean this process is

A

cyclical

23
Q

what can help increase speed of muscle contraction

A

phosphocreatine

24
Q

what does phosphocreatine do

A

readily supplies phosphate meaning that the conversion / phosphorylation of ADP to ATP can happen more readily

biology yr 13 (40 decks)

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