Control and Opposition: Oppostion Flashcards Preview

CCEA GCSE History: Life in Nazi Germany > Control and Opposition: Oppostion > Flashcards

Flashcards in Control and Opposition: Oppostion Deck (21)
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1
Q

Why did industrialists support the Nazis?

A

industrialists feared a communist government would nationalise their industries

2
Q

Why did young people support the Nazis?

A

young people were attracted by the parades, banners and the feeling of power

3
Q

Why did landowners support the Nazis

A

landowners feared that a communist government would take away their land

4
Q

Why did the army support the Nazis?

A

the army was attracted to Hitler and the Nazi Party because he promised to destroy the Treaty of Versailles and to build up Germanys armed forces

5
Q

Why did the unemployed support the Nazis?

A

the unemployed were given food and shelter in Nazi hostels and then became part of the SA

6
Q

Why did the middle class support the Nazis?

A
  • the middle class hoped a strong Nazi government would prevent a repeat of the inflation of 1923 which has ruined many of them
  • they also feared that the unemployed might lead to a communist revolution which would destroy them
7
Q

Why did businessmen support the Nazis?

A
  • Weimar Germany had seen a growth in the power of the trade unions and an increase in the wages and working conditions of working people
  • with Germany in a depression they wanted to cut wages and benefits
  • Hitler promised to destroy trade unions and give them more power
8
Q

Why did ex-servicemen support the Nazis?

A

ex-servicemen were attracted by the Nazis commitment to rearmament

9
Q

Why did the Nazis attempt to influence and control the church?

A
  • most Germans were Christians and belonged to either
  • the Catholic church or
  • the Protestant church
  • some of which openly supported the Nazis
  • Hitler saw the church as potential opposition to him and the Nazis, so it had to be removed
  • he realised it would be almost impossible to destroy Germanys different churches so he needed to limit their influence as much as possible
10
Q

Nazis attempt to control the Catholic Church

A
  • Hitler signed a Concordat with the Catholic Church, July 1933
  • as part of this agreement the Catholic Church would stay out of politics
  • in return for the Nazis promising to let services, youth groups and schools continue to operate
  • the Pope ordered bishops take an oath of loyalty to Hitler
11
Q

Nazi attempts to influence the control the Protestant church

A
  • under pressure from the Nazis Germany’s Protestants (Lutherans) united their 28 church groups to form the Reich church,
  • led by Ludwig Müller
  • taught Nazi ideas
  • adopted Nazi-style uniforms, salutes, and marches
  • slogan “the swastika on our chest and the cross in our hearts”
  • symbol Christian cross with a swastika in the centre
  • the Bible was altered to remove many references to Jews
  • replaced ministers with Reich ministers
12
Q

The German Faith Movement

A
  • Nazi church
  • based on pagan beliefs
  • symbol, swastika
  • replaced the Bible with Mein Kampf
13
Q

How did the Nazis control Jehovah witnesses?

A
  • refused to cooperate with the Nazis
  • refused to serve in the army
  • ended up in concentration camps, one third of them died
14
Q

What were the Nazis successful attempts to influence/control the church?

A
  • controlled what the churches did
  • limited the churches power
15
Q

What were the Nazis failed attempts to influence/control the churches?

A

opposition from the Protestant church
- in 1934, Lutherans, who disagreed of Nazism, set up the Confessional Church 6000 pastors joined and 800, including Martin Niemoller were arrested and sent to concentration camps

Opposition from the Catholic church
- the Concordat broke down in 1936
- in 1937, Pope Pius XI condemned the Nazi regime

16
Q

How did young people oppose the Nazis?

A
  • Social Democrat and Communist parties youth wings
  • continued as “Friends of Nature” hiking clubs
  • When it was made compulsory to join the Hitler youth movement as many as 1 million didn’t join and formed their own groups including;
  • Swing Youth
  • Edelweiss Pirates
  • Leipzig Hounds
  • White Rose
17
Q

White Rose

A
  • distributed leaflets
  • put up posters
  • graffitied
18
Q

Swing Youth

A
  • danced to jazz music
  • accepted Jews
    -wore English style clothes
  • met in cafés and nightclubs
  • grew their hair long
19
Q

Edelweiss Pirates

A
  • listened to banned jazz
  • rejected Nazi values
  • Went on hikes and camped
  • Wore checked shirts, shorts, white, socks and lapel pin of edelweiss flower
  • hung around parks
  • distributed propaganda leaflets
  • committed acts of vandalism
20
Q

Leipzig Hounds

A

Communist youth group

21
Q

How did the Nazis try and control youth?

A

1936, compulsory to join the Hitler Youth Movement