Contusions, Hematomas & Myositis Ossificans

Question 0

Ecchymosis

Answer 0

Purplish flat bruise that occurs when blood leaks into top layer of skin

Question 1

Contusion

Answer 1

Crush injury to muscle without breakage of skin.

Direct, blunt, compressive force o muscle.

Question 2

Loss of ROM with contusions

Answer 2

Mild - 5-20%
Moderate - 20-50%
Severe – 50%+

Question 3

Grades of Contusions and ADLs

Answer 3

Mild: can continue activities with minimum discomfort

Moderate: difficulty continuing because of pain and weakness

Severe: cannot continue with activity

Question 4

Discolouration and contusion phases of healing

Answer 4

Acute: red, black and blue/purple
Early subacute: black and purple
Late subacute: yellow, green and brown
Chronic: no discolouration

Question 5

When can you start working directly on a contusion?

Answer 5

Late subacute phase.

Question 6

What to avoid during acute phase of contusion:

Answer 6

Stretching
Exercise
Heat
Alcohol
Vigorous massage

Question 7

Spasm vs hypertonicity

Answer 7

HT: firmness in tissue unrelated to movement

Spasm: triggered by movement.

Question 8

Hematoma

Answer 8

Localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in a tissue or organ.

Swells more rapidly than edema.

Question 9

Myositis ossificans

Answer 9

Process of calcification and ossification which takes place within traumatized muscle tissue.

Requires disruption of periosteum.

2-6 weeks post injury

Question 10

Acute contusion and movement

Answer 10

AROM: reduced

IF MODERATE OR SEVERE NO PROM OR RROM

PROM: pain, spasm end feel
AROM: if mild, minor if any loss of strength

Question 11

Subacute contusion and movement

Answer 11

AROM: reduced
PROM: reduced
RROM: pain at injury site

Question 12

Chronic contusion and movement

Answer 12

AROM: may be limited by pain at end ranges
PROM: mildly painful, tissue stretch end feel
RROM: may reveal decreased muscle strength