Core 1 - Fighting Disease

Question 1

Medicine (including painkillers) help to relieve what?

Answer 1

Symptoms of infectious diseases (they do not kill pathogens)

Question 2

Antibiotics

Answer 2

Kill the bacteria without killing your own body cells.

Question 3

Different antibiotics do what

Answer 3

Kill different types of bacteria

Question 4

Why don’t antibiotics destroy viruses

Answer 4

Viruses reproduce using your own blood cells which makes its difficult to develop drugs that destroy the virus without killing the body’s cells

Question 5

How have strains of bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?

Answer 5

Bacteria can become resistant to certain antibiotics. This is an example of natural selection. Some of the bacteria may not be affected these survive and reproduce, creating more bacteria that are not affected by the antibiotic. E.g. MRSA

Question 6

How do we slow down the rate of development of bacterial resistance?

Answer 6

Avoid overusing antibiotics (antibiotics are now not used for non-serious infections, to slow down the rate of resistant strains)

Question 7

What does the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria necessitates?

Answer 7

The development of new antibiotics

Question 8

Why are viruses hard to develop vaccines against when they mutate often

Answer 8

The changers of their DNA can lead to having different antigens

Question 9

Pandemic

Answer 9

When a disease spreads all over the world

Question 10

Vaccinations contain….

Answer 10

Small amounts of dead or inactive microorganisms

Question 11

What do vaccines stimulate?

Answer 11

White blood cells to produce antibodies that destroy the pathogens. This then makes the person immune to future infections by the microorganisms.

Question 12

How would the body respond if the microorganism that entered the body was the one that was vaccinated for

Answer 12

The body would respond rapidly making the right antibodies, as if the person already had the disease

Question 13

MMR vaccine protects children against…

Answer 13

Measles, Mumps and Rubella

Question 14

Pros of vaccination

Answer 14

1. Helps control diseases e.g. MMR (Smallpox no longer occurs at all)
2. Epidemics can be prevented if a large percentage of population is vaccinated

Question 15

Cons of vaccination

Answer 15

1. Don’t always work - don’t always give you immunity

2. People can get bad reactions e.g. Swelling