Core Concepts and Systems Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is data?
Raw, unprocessed facts and figures without context.
What is the Input-Process-Output (IPO) cycle?
A system where inputs (e.g. customer details) are processed (e.g. sorted or analyzed) to produce outputs (e.g. reports).
What are the three qualities of reliable information?
Up-to-date, accurate, and complete.
What is the value of data and information in business?
They provide the basis for decisions and actions that can lead to change.
What is information?
Data that has been processed and given context to make it meaningful.
Flashcard: What is knowledge?
Information that has been understood and interpreted based on experience or learning.
What is the relationship between data, information, and knowledge?
Data is processed into information, and information is interpreted into knowledge.
What does “Garbage In – Garbage Out” mean?
Poor-quality input data will lead to poor-quality output or decisions.
What is the difference between centralised and decentralised information?
Centralised: controlled from a single point; Decentralised: spread across departments.
What are knowledge-based societies based on?
Information, knowledge creation, skilled people, lifelong learning, and technology.
What does ‘Garbage In, Garbage Out’ mean in IS?
Poor quality input leads to poor quality output.
📌 Example: If incorrect customer data is entered, the system will generate incorrect invoices.
What is knowledge in IS?
Insight and understanding gained from interpreting processed information.
📌 Example: Analysing sales trends to decide which product to promote.
What is the effect of digitisation on information management?
Pre-Digital Era:
Information stored in paper-based records
Relied on manual processes
Access was limited to physical locations and business hours
Digital Economy:
Use of electronic databases for larger storage and retrieval
Automated processes replace manual work
Anywhere, anytime access via networks and cloud systems
Enhanced security through encryption and access controls
Data analytics enables better decision-making using insights from large datasets
📌 Example: Switching from filing cabinets to cloud storage allows remote workers to access and analyse company data securely in real time.
What is a knowledge-based society?
A society where knowledge is the key driver of economic growth, education, and innovation, heavily relying on data and ICT.
