Core Terminology 6: Eye Flashcards

1
Q

Sense organ

A

an organ formed as a result of the concentration of receptors with the same function.

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2
Q

Photoreceptor

A

receptors in eye; that detect light stimuli.

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3
Q

Conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane covering the front of eye and eyelid.

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4
Q

Sclera

A

white, outer layer of eye that makes up the eyeball; maintains shape of eyeball.

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5
Q

Cornea

A

front transparent part of sclera; helps with refraction.

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6
Q

Iris

A

pigmented colour part of eye; controls amount of light that enters the eye.

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7
Q

Pupil

A

opening that allows light to enter.

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8
Q

Refraction

A

bending of light.

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9
Q

Choroid

A

dark pigmented vascular layer of eye (middle); provides eye with O2 & nutrients; also prevents reflection of light.

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10
Q

Ciliary body

A

front part of choroid

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11
Q

Suspensory ligaments

A

structures that holds lens in position.

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12
Q

Lens

A

elastic, transparent, biconvex structure that allows light through; changes shape to refract light onto retina.

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13
Q

Retina

A

inner layer of eye that contains the photoreceptors (rods + cones).

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14
Q

Rods

A

photoreceptor that reacts when light is low (poor); give rise to black and white vision.

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15
Q

Cones

A

photoreceptors that reacts to high light intensities; give rise to colour vision

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16
Q

Yellow spot

A

area in retina; contains the most photoreceptors.

17
Q

Fovea centralis

A

area in middle of yellow spot where only cones occur; sharpest vision.

18
Q

Blind spot

A

place where optic nerve leaves the eyeball; no rods or cones; no vision.

19
Q

optic nerve

A

The nerve that carries impulses from the retina to the brain

20
Q

Aqueous humour

A

watery fluid between lens and cornea

21
Q

Vitreous humour

A

jelly-like substance filling the posterior cavity behind lens; maintains shape of eyeball.

22
Q

Pupil mechanism

A

automatic (reflex) response to regulate amount of light that enters the eye.

23
Q

Eye accommodation

A

process where the eye adapts/ adjust for the observation of near or far objects; by changing the shape of the lens.

24
Q

Binocular vision

A

type of vision that provide a wider field of vision; creates a perception of depth (3D).

25
Q

Myopia

A

short-sightedness; visual defect when a person can see close objects clearly but distant objects are out of focus; corrected with concave lenses.

26
Q

Hypermetropia

A

far-sightedness; visual defect where a person can see far objects clearly, but not close objects; needs convex lenses to correct

27
Q

Cataracts

A

clouding of lens; affecting vision; corrected with surgery.

28
Q

Astigmatism

A

A disorder of the eye caused by the curvature of the lens or cornea being uneven, resulting in distorted images

29
Q

Colour blindness

A

condition when certain colours cannot be distinguished