Course 5: ED Course COPY Flashcards
1
Q
CBC
A
Complete Blood Count
2
Q
WBC
A
White Blood Cells
3
Q
High WBC [term]
A
Leukocytosis
4
Q
Significance: High WBC
A
Infection
5
Q
Hgb
A
Hemoglobin
6
Q
Hct
A
Hematocrit
7
Q
Plt
A
Platelets
8
Q
Significance: Low Hgb
A
Anemia
9
Q
Significance: Low Hct
A
Anemia
10
Q
Significance: Low Plt
A
Prone to bleeding
11
Q
Low Platelets [Medical Term]
A
Thrombocytopenia
12
Q
CBC with DIFF
A
Complete Blood Count with Differential
13
Q
Bands
A
Band Cells
14
Q
Segs
A
Segmented Neutrophils
15
Q
Lymphs
A
Lymphocytes
16
Q
Monos
A
Monocytes
17
Q
Eos
A
Eosinophils
Eosinophils are a type of disease-fighting white blood cell. This condition most often indicates a parasitic infection, an allergic reaction or cancer. You can have high levels of eosinophils in your blood (blood eosinophilia) or in tissues at the site of an infection or inflammation (tissue eosinophilia).
18
Q
High Band Cells [term]
A
Bandemia
19
Q
High Segmented Neutrophils
A
Left Shift—»acute infection
20
Q
Significance: High Bands
A
Serious infection (possibly sepsis)
21
Q
Significance: High Segs
A
Acute infection
neuter cute puppy, you get acute infection
22
Q
Significance: High Lymphs
A
Viral infection
23
Q
Significance: High Monos
A
Bacterial infection
24
Q
Significance: High Eos
A
Parasitic infection
25
BMP
Basic Metabolic Panel
26
Na
Sodium
27
K
Potasium
28
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen
29
Creat
Creatine
30
Gluc
Glucose
31
HCO3-
Bicarbonate
32
Cl-
Chloride
33
Chem-7
Basic Metabolic Panel
34
High Sodium [term]
Hypernatremia
35
High Potassium [term]
Hyperkalemia
36
High Glucose [term]
Hyperglycemia
37
High Bicarbonate [term]
Hypercarbia
38
High Chloride [term]
Hyperchloremia
39
Low Sodium [term]
Hyponatremia
NA
40
Low Potassium [term]
Hypokalemia
41
Low Glucose [term]
Hypoglycemia
42
Low Bicarbonate [term]
Hypocarbia
43
Significance: High Na
Dehydration
44
Significance: Low Na
Dehydration
45
Significance: High K
Poor kidney function
special K bad for kids
46
Significance: Low K
May cause arrhythmias
kale/spinach leaf--\>heart
47
Significance: High BUN
Renal insufficiency or failure
butts too high in grass hard to pee, must squat low
48
Significance: High Creat
Renal insufficiency or failure
49
Significance: High Gluc
High blood sugar
50
Significance: Low Gluc
Low blood sugar
51
Significance: High HCO3-
Possible respiratory disease
52
Significance: Low HCO3-
Hyperventilation (Possible DKA)
53
Significance: High Cl-
Possible dehydration
CHLORIDE- CHLORINE, DONT DRINK WATER IF CHLORINE
54
CMP
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel
55
T Prot/Alb [term]
Total Protein/Albumin
56
T bili
Total bilirubin
57
AST (SGOT) [term]
Aspartate Transaminase
LFT (liver function test) —» "wALT, wALKs, fAST"
58
ALT (SGPT) [term]
Alanine Transaminase
LFT (liver function test) —» "wALT, wALKs, fAST"
59
Alk Phos [term]
Alkaline Phosphatase
LFT (liver function test) —» "wALT, wALKs, fAST"
60
LFT
Liver Function Test
61
3 parts of LFT
AST, ALT, Alk Phos
62
Chem-12
Comprehensive Metabolic Panel
63
Significance: Low T Prot/Alb
Poor nutrition
loww protien, poor nutrition
64
Significance: High T bili
Jaundice/Liver failure
65
Significance: High AST
Liver damage
66
Significance: High ALT
Liver damage
67
Significance: High Alk Phos
Liver damage
68
CEP
Cardiac Enzyme Panel
69
Trop
Troponin
70
CK
Creatine Kinase
calvin klien, waers it because no mucke
creatine, muscle damage
71
CK-MB
Creatine Kinase-Muscle Breakdown
72
CK-RI
Creatine Kinase Relative Index
73
Myo
Myoglobin
74
Significance: High Trop
Specific to heart damage
75
Significance: High CK
Heart damage or Rhabdomyolysis
76
Significance: High CK-MB
Heart damage
77
Significance: High CK-RI
Heart damage
78
Significance: High Myo
Heart damage
79
Significance: Negative D-Dimer
No PE
80
Significance: High D-Dimer
Must rule out PE
81
Tests to rule out PE
CTA Chest or VQ Scan
82
BNP
B-type Natriuretic Peptide
83
ABG
Arterial Blood Gas
84
VBG
Venous Blood Gas
85
Significance: High BNP
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
86
Significance: Low pH ABG
Acidosis
87
Significance: High/Low HCO3 ABG
Metabolic problem
88
Significance: High/Low pCO2 ABG
Respiratory problems
89
Significance: Low pO2 ABG
Hypoxia
90
Significance: Low pH VBG
Acidosis
91
Significance: Low pH VBG
Alkalosis
92
Set of orders for almost every adult pt with CP
CBC, BMP, CK (or CK-MB), Troponin, EKG, CXR
93
Significance: Low CSF Gluc
Possible bacterial meningitis
94
Significance: High CSF Prot
Possible Meningitis
95
Significance: \>0 CSF RBC in Tube 4
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
96
Significance: \>3 CSF WBC in Tube 4
Possible Meningitis
97
Significance: Positive CSF Gram Stain
Likely bacterial meningitis
98
tubes obtained for LP
4
99
3 types of coagulation studies
PT, INR, PTT
100
Significance: High PT
Blood is too thin
(prothrombin time)
101
Significance: \>3.0 INR
* Too much Coumadin
* (**Supratherapeutic**)
102
Significance: High PTT
Blood is too thin
Partial Thromboplastin Time
103
4 ENT Labs
Strep, Monospot, Influenza A+B, RSV
monospot-tests infection
RSV-respiratory syncical virus
104
Significance: Positive RSV
Likely Bronchiolitis
Respiratory Syncytial Virus
105
2 Pancreatic Enzymes
Lipase, Amylase
106
Significance: High Lip
Specific to pancreatitis
107
Lab type: TSH, T3, T4
Thyroid lab
108
Significance: High TSH
Possible Hypothyroidism
109
Significance: Low TSH
Possible Hyperthyroidism
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
110
Significance: Low T3/T4
Hypothyroidism
111
CRP
C-Reactive Protein
112
ESR (or Sed Rate)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
113
Significance: High CRP
Active inflammation in the body
C-Reactive Protein
114
Significance: High ESR or Sed Rate
Active inflammation in the body
115
Significance: Positive hCG
Pregnant
116
Significance: Positive Serum HCG Qual
Pregnant
117
Significance: Higher Serum HCG Quant
Further along in pregnancy
118
Significance: Rh-Negative T+S/ABORh
Needs RhoGAM shot if pregnant
119
Significance: T+X
Possible blood transfusion
120
Type of Pelvic Exam Lab reported same day and documented by scribe
Wet Prep
121
Lab tests for BV, Trich (STD), and Vaginal Yest Infection
Wet Prep
122
BV
Bacterial Vaginosis
123
Significance: Positive GC/CT
STD (Gonorrhea or Chlamydia)
124
Qualitative UA (urinalysis)
Urine Dip
125
Glucose in urine [term]
Glycosuria
126
Blood in urine
Hematuria
127
Blo
Blood
128
Nit
Nitrite
129
Significance: Positive Urine Dip Leuks
Likely UTI
130
Significance: Positive Urine Dip Nit
UTI
131
Significance: Positive Urine Dip Gluc
High blood sugar (DM)
132
Significance: Positive Urine Dip Blo
Kidney stone
Kidney stone, kidney bleeds, you bleed
133
4 components of Urinalysis
WBC, RBC, Bact, Epi (Epithelial Cells)
134
POC
Point of Care
135
High RBC in urine
Hematuria
136
High WBC in urine
Pyruia
137
Significance: Many Epi in Micro UA
Contaminated Sample
138
3 components of Sepsis Lab
CBC, Lactate, Blood Cx
139
Significance: High Lactate
Specific to sepsis (cell death in the body)
140
3 characteristics of pts in sepsis
Febrile, Tachycardic, Hypotensive
sick with fever, fast heart rate, low blood pressure
dizzy warm and beating
141
Anticipate physician ordering 3 tests to rule out DDx for Sepsis
CXR, UA, LP
142
Sepsis: helps r/o PNA
CXR
143
Sepsis: helps r/o UTI
UA
144
Sepsis: helps r/o meningitis
LP
145
Ordered to diagnose type of sepsis
BC (Blood Cultures)
146
Cx
Cultures
147
Make sure to document for cultures
"\_\_\_\_ cultures ordered, results pending."
148
3 Toxicology labs taken from serum
1. ASA (aspirin),
2. APAP (acetaminophin),
3. EtOH
149
UTox
Urine Drug Screen
150
APAP
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
151
2 diabetes labs
Ketones, Accu-Check
152
Medication for AFIB
Digoxin
either use electricity or make the oxin dig
153
3 Key Labs for Efficiency
D-Dimer, Troponin, Creatinine (from BMP)
154
Significance: D-Dimer for efficiency
Must order CTA Chest or VQ Scan
155
Significance: Troponin for efficiency
Acute MI: give ASA, NTG, b-blocker, Heparin
156
Significance: Creatinine for efficiency
Assess kidney function prior to ordering CT with IV contrast
157
CBC w/ Diff used to access
Infection (WBC) or anemia (H&H)
158
BMP used to access
Electrolytes (Na + K), Renal function (BUN + Creat), Glucose
159
CMP used to access
BMP + LFT's (liver function)
160
Trop used to access
Acute MI (if high)
161
uDip + UA used to access
UTI or blood (possible kidney stone)
162
BNP used to access
Acute CHF (if high)
163
Coags (PT/INR/PTT) used to assess
Risk for bleeding (if high)
164
ABG used to access
Respiratory function (hypoxia)
165
D-Dimer used to access
Possible blood clot (if high, need Creat for CTA Chest)
166
CXR Potential Dx (5)
PNA, PTX, Widened Mediastinum (Dissection), Pleural Effusion, CHF
167
AAS/KUB
Acute Abdominal Series/Kidneys Ureters Bladder
168
AAS Potential Dx (4)
Free air (Rupture), SBO, Constipation, Large kidney stones
169
Non-Chest/Abd XR Potential Dx (3)
Fx, Dislocation, Joint effusion
fracture, dislocation, joint effusion---\>rib cage
170
"Dry CT" or CT w/o
CT without IV contrast
171
CTA
CT Angiogram (or CT w/ IV contrast)
172
CT A/P w/ PO
CT Abd/Pelvis with PO contrast
173
CT Head Potential Dx (2)
Large Hemorrhagic CVA, Large Ischemic CVA
174
CT C/T/L-Spine Potential Dx (2)
Spine Fx, Spine Subluxation
175
Subluxation
Partial dislocation
176
CT Chest Potential Dx (4)
PNA, PTX, Pleural effusion, Rib Fx
177
CT Abd/Pel Potential Dx (2)
Kidney Stones, Pyelonephritis
178
CTA Chest Potential Dx (2)
PE, Aortic Dissection
179
CTA Head Potential Dx (2)
Hemorrhagic CVA, Ischemic CVA
180
CTA Neck Potential Dx (2)
1. **Carotid dissection**: tear of the inner layer of the wall of an artery. The tear lets blood get in between the layers of the wall and separate them.
2. **Carotid occlusion**: blockage of the artery
181
CT A/P w/ PO Potential Dx (4)
Appendicitis, SBO, Diverticulitis, Ischemic Gut
Diver-An inflammation or infection in one or more small pouches in the digestive tract.
182
UTZ
Ultrasounds
183
Type of imaging study used for reproductive organs
US
184
Type of imaging study that does not require specialized radiologist
XR
185
Associated Procedure: Joint Injury
Splint Application
186
Associated Procedure: Laceration
Laceration Repair
187
Associated Procedure: Abscess
Incision & Drainage
188
Associated Procedure: Joint effusion
Arthrocentesis/joint aspiration
Arthrocentesis is the clinical procedure of using a syringe to collect synovial fluid from a joint capsule
189
Associated Procedure: Dislocation
Joint Reduction
190
Associated Procedure: Headache, Fever
Lumbar Puncture
191
Associated Procedure: Joint reduction
Procedural Sedation
**critical care procedure**
192
Associated Procedure: Respiratory failure
Intubation
193
Associated Procedure: Sepsis
Central Line Placement
194
Associated Procedure: PTX
Chest Tube
195
Associated Procedure: Abnormal Heart Rhythm
Cardioversion
196
Associated Procedure: Cardiac Arrest
CPR
197
Associated Procedure: COPD/CHF Exacerbation
* CPAP/BiPAP
* critical care procedure
198
Associated Procedure: Ear complaints
Cerumen Disimpaction
199
Associated Procedure: Constipation or fecal impaction
Rectal Disimpaction
200
Associated Procedure: Subungual hematoma
Nail Trephination
201
Associated Procedure: Nosebleed
Epistaxis Management (cautery vs. packing)
202
NSR
Normal Sinus Rhythm
203
SB
Sinus Bradycardia
204
ST
Sinus Tachycardia
205
A fib
Atrial Fibrillation
206
A flutter
Atrial Flutter
207
Paced
Pacemaker is functioning
208
SVT
Supraventricular Tachycardia
209
PVC
Premature Ventricular Contraction
210
PAC
Premature Atrial Contraction
211
LAD
Left Atrial Deviation
212
RAD
Right Axis Deviation
213
LAFB
Left Anterior Fascicular Block
214
LBBB
Left Bundle Branch Block
215
RBBB
Right Bundle Branch Block
216
1° AVB
First Degree AV Block
217
LVH
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
218
PRWP
Poor R Wave Progression
219
ST ↑
Acute ST Elevation
220
ST ↓
Acute ST Depression
221
NSSTΔ's
Non-Specific ST/T changes
222
"Normal EKG at 80"
NSR at a rate of 80 bpm, no acute ST/T changes
223
"Sinus at 72"
NSR at a rate of 72 bpm
224
"Sinus at 114"
Sinus tachycardia at a rate of 114 bpm
225
"Sinus at 56"
Sinus bradycardia at a rate of 56 bpm
226
"Sinus Brady"
Sinus bradycardia
227
"Sinus Tachy"
Sinus tachycardia
228
"Left bundle"
LBBB
229
"Right bundle"
RBBB
230
"Left axis"
LAD
231
"Nothing acute"
No acute ST/T changes
232
"Non specific changes"
Non-specific ST/T changes
233
"Lead one, lead two"
Lead I, Lead II
234
"V one, V two"
V1, V2
235
Ask physician 2 questions for any seriously ill pt
Does this patient qualify for critical care? How many minutes of Critical Care Time were provided?
236
Blood taken from an artery
Arterial Blood Gas
237
The clear liquid separated from clotted blood
Serum
238
The change of blood from liquid to solid
Coagulation
239
Medication that suppresses the central nervous system that results in unconsciousness and lack of sensation
Anesthesia
240
POC
Point of Care
241
The propagation of microorganisms or of living tissue cells in media conductive to their growth
Cultures
242
Care provided to any patient that is at serious risk for deterioration that may lead to permanent bodily harm or death
Critical Care Time
243
What lab order contains the “H&H”?
CBC-Complete Blood Count
244
What is the difference between BMP and CMP?
BMP-basic metabolic panel; contains electrolytes, kidney function and glucose levels CMP-comprehensive metabolic panel; BMP in addition to e LFTs
245
What part of the CBC does a “differential” further characterize, RBC or WBC?
WBC
246
What does creatinine measure?
Renal function
247
What is high potassium level called?
Hyperalkalemia
248
What organ do LFTs investigate?
Liver
249
How would you document Aspartate Transaminase?
AST
250
Which cardiac enzyme is more specific to heart damage, troponin or CK-MB?
Troponin
251
What does a negative D-Dimer mean?
No evidence of a PE
252
What does a positive D-Dimer mean?
Possible PE, must order a CTA chest or VQ scan
253
What does an elevated BNP diagnose?
Congestive Heart Failure
254
Dies the blood sample for an ABG come from a vein or an artery?
Artery
255
Name the parts of the cardiac order set (5)
1. CBC 2. BMP 3. Troponin 4. EKG 5. CXR
256
What procedure must first be performed before CSF Cana be obtained?
Lumbar puncture
257
What do “Coag” lab tests examine?
Blood coagulation/ Coumadin levels
258
Name the 3 “Coag” level tests
-PT -PTT -INR
259
What does lipase diagnose?
Pancreatitis
260
What do both CRP and ESR test for?
Inflammation CRP=C-Reactive Protein ESR=Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
261
Will cultures ever result during an ED visit?
No
262
What is the difference between a Urine Dip and a Urine Micro?
**Urine Dip**: done bedside and detects leuks, nitrites, glucose, blood
**Urine Nitro**: in last and detects WBC, RBC and bacteria
263
Name the 3 labs important to track for efficiency
1) Troponin 2) Creatinine 3) D-Dimer
264
What type of body structure are XR’s best suited to examine?
Bones
265
What is the difference between CTA and CT?
CTA= CT angiogram looks at the arteries using IV contrast CT=no IV contrast but may or may not use PO contrast
266
What does an US of the RUQ rule out or diagnose?
Cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, gallbladder wall thickening, bile sludge, bile duct obstruction
267
Name one type of ortho procedure that may be performed by EP
-splinting -joint reduction -arthrocentesis
268
What does I&D stand for?
Incision & Drainage
269
Name 2 procedures that qualify patient for critical care time
1. cardioversion —» Abnormal Heart Rhythm
2. Central line placement —» sepsis
3. Endotracheal intubation —» Resp. failure
4. Chest tube placement —» PTX
5. CPR —» cardiac arrest
6. CPAP/BiPAP —» COPD/CHF
7. Lumbar puncture —» fever, headache
8. Procedural Sedation —» joint reduction
270
What does LAD stand for as an EKG abbreviation?
Left Axis Deviation
271
Name 2 diagnoses that would qualify a patient for critical care time?
-AFIB with RVR -CVA -MI -Sepsis -DKA -CPR -Severe hypotension/hypertension -Severe anemia -PTX -PE -OD
272
When might an ER doctor obtain a Physician Consult?
Regarding admission, advice over treatment plan, inform primary physician of results, etc.
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
