Course Vocabulary Flashcards
(122 cards)
1
Q
adaptive learning software
A
education software that measures students’ responses in lessons and dynamically customizes the level for each student as needed
2
Q
adaptive technology
A
any object or system that is specifically designed to improve the quality of life for people with disabilities
3
Q
agile method
A
a combination of iterative and incremental process models with a focus on adaptability and customer satisfaction by rapid delivery of working software product
4
Q
algorithm
A
a set of instructions telling the computer what to do to perform a function
5
Q
API
A
Application Protocol Interface—a tool that allows software to easily use other software’s functions
6
Q
array lookup
A
looping through an array to find the desired element in an array
7
Q
array
A
a data structure that allows you to store a series of related values
8
Q
artificial intelligence
A
software that mimics human thought
9
Q
assembly language
A
a computer programming language that uses short letters or words to represent machine code instructions and, in turn, binary code
10
Q
assignment statements
A
control statements that set a value to a variable
11
Q
assumptions and dependencies
A
the external pieces of technology that a specific application must connect with
12
Q
back-end developer
A
a person responsible for the creation of software that is not visible to the eye, such as server-side programming or database development
13
Q
bot
A
short for “robot,” a piece of software using simple AI
14
Q
call
A
the term given to using a pre-existing function
15
Q
coding
A
the art and science of writing instructions for a computer program.
16
Q
common code
A
prewritten code shared across programming languages
17
Q
compiler
A
a language translator that translates a program completely into an executable program, which can later be run on the computer
18
Q
concatenate
A
combining two strings of text, often a combination of text stored in multiple variables and hard-coded text
19
Q
conditional statement
A
statements that utilize conditional expressions to dynamically determine the path of a computer program during runtime
20
Q
constraints
A
limitations that need to be considered when designing a product
21
Q
cryptocurrency
A
a digital form of money that is encrypted and not stored centrally in a bank
22
Q
cyber-stalking
A
a repeated course of conduct online that is designed to cause emotional distress and fear of physical harm to another person
23
Q
data flow diagram
A
a map of the databases, actors, and process involved in an application
24
Q
data mining
A
sorting through large amounts of data in order to identify patterns useful to a business
25
data permanence
the fact that what you post online is never truly erased
26
data
numbers representing information that are stored and processed by a computer
27
database
a structured collection of data, usually stored in tables with rows and columns
28
debugging
identifying and removing an error
29
digital divide
describes the inequalities between those who have access to modern computers and technologies like the internet and those who do not
30
dummy code
“fake” or simplified code that is to be completed or replaced later
31
economic mobility
the ability to succeed regardless of an individual’s circumstances of birth or position
32
encrypted
encoding or changing data into a different form, in order to prevent unauthorized access
33
enterprise management system (EMS)
one multi-faceted piece of software custom designed to optimize the flow of information between different parts of an organization
34
exception handlers
code that stipulates what a program will do when an exception occurs
35
executable program
a program in the form of machine instructions ready to run
36
features
a unit of functionality in a software system that satisfies one of the user requirements
37
floating point
a numeric data type representing real numbers
38
flowchart
describes the input and output and the flow of data in a system of design
39
freelancer
an independent worker employed hourly or for a specific project
40
freeware
software that is made available for free
41
front-end developer
a person who creates websites or software that users will directly see and interact with
42
function
a sequence of statements that is only written once but can be called and reused whenever necessary
43
functional language
a programming language based on a functional paradigm in which the overall goal of the program is to evaluate a function
44
functional requirements
any requirement which specifies what the system should do
45
Gantt
a chart used to show the schedule of development tasks
46
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
the most significant recent data privacy legislation to affect businesses across the globe
47
geolocation
the estimation of the real-world geographic location of an object
48
graphical user interface (GUI)
the design of an application’s screens
49
hashing and salting
password is converted into unintelligible data by having letters and symbols added to it and all its characters jumbled up
50
high-level language
a programming language that is closer to human language than computer language
51
identity theft
the crime of using another person's personal information without their permission
52
if statement
causes a group of statements to be executed only if a specified condition is true
53
incremented
increased the existing value stored in a variable
54
index
a variable used to represent the current element of an array
55
integrated development environment (IDE)
a software package that provides resources to programmers for software development in one place
56
interpreter
a language translator that translates each statement in the language and immediately executes it
57
iteration variable
the variable keeping track of which repetition we’re on when a sequence is being repeated a specific number of times
58
Kanban
a system used to manage progression of development tasks
59
Learning Management System (LMS)
software used in education to help with classroom and administrative tasks
60
libraries
provide standardized solutions for many problems that occur in everyday programming
61
logical data model
a diagram listing the different variables stored in a database and the relationships between them
62
logical expression
an expression that uses one or more conditions to return a true or false value
63
logical type
a data type representing the logical values true or false
64
loop
an instruction within a sequence that tells the program to repeat until a certain condition is reached
65
low-level language
a programming language that is mostly or entirely machine code or assembly language
66
machine code
an instruction that uses numbers to represent binary strings, making instructions much shorter and giving the programmer the ability to reference specific locations in the computer's memory
67
malware
a piece of software packed with viruses to compromise the security of the system it is downloaded to
68
market research
researching how competitive solutions have solved the same problem
69
milestones
significant points in the development process
70
minimal viable product (MVP)
the simplest product you can offer to users as a complete usable product in order to test user demand
71
module
an organized way to break large programs into manageable chunks or reusable code
72
modulus operator
an arithmetic operator (similar to +, -, etc.) that gives the remainder rather than the quotient of a division
73
Moore's Law
a prediction that computers will continue to double in power every two years
74
net neutrality
legislation designed to ensure everyone gets equal access to the internet
75
networking
computers that are connected together (either wired or wirelessly) and able to communicate
76
object-oriented programming (OOP)
programming using a language based on an object-oriented paradigm, in which the central element is the data objects that are operated on by the program actions
77
open source software (OSS)
software where the source code is licensed for free to encourage further improvement through public collaboration
78
operating system
a special system program that manages the software and hardware of a computer
79
outsourcing
allows companies to use technology to employ top talent around the world often at a cheaper rate
80
package
a group of packaged modules
81
parameter
the variable used in the function definition
82
phishing
the sending of fake emails designed to capture sensitive data of unassuming receivers
83
plagiarism
taking someone else’s material without giving them credit
84
procedural programming
programming using a language based on a procedural paradigm, in which the central element is the actions to be performed
85
`program
a representation of an algorithm as statements in a programming language or as a set of machine instructions
86
programming language
a language that creates codes representing binary numbers, which can be understood by humans and computers
87
programming paradigms
the different ways to structure instructions, depending on different purposes
88
proprietary software
software that is owned by a company or individual
89
pseudocode
a tool used to help prepare for writing code, sometimes also called imitation or false code
90
pseudocode
an algorithm design tool
91
Quality Assurance (QA) specialist
the person who ensures that regulations and standards are being observed in order to produce the best product
92
rapid prototyping
a technique used to quickly make a model of a program
93
repository
a backup of software stored in a cloud-based environment
94
robust
a program or piece of code that can handle errors and is not easily broken by the user
95
scope
a way to refer to a variable’s visibility
96
scrub
to remove data of any slashes or arrows that are common to computer code
97
Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
techniques used to ensure that a webpage appears near the top of a search engine’s results in order to get more page visits
98
server
the website’s data storage device
99
session
each use of the software application
100
software development life cycle (SDLC)
a cycle of designing, developing, and releasing software only to gather feedback about your application in order to do it all over again
101
sprint
a set period of time in the Agile method during which specific work has to be completed and be made ready for review
102
SQL (structured query language)
the programming language used to write queries (searches that retrieve data from a database)
103
SQL Injection
adding SQL code to standard inputs to hack into the system database
104
STAIR
a strategy for problem solving that describes what you need to be doing at each stage of the software development life cycle
105
statement
a single instruction in a programming language
106
structured data type
a data type devoted to combining individual data items and storing them as one variable
107
support tickets
complaints that come in from users highlighting bugs and other design flaws
108
syntax
the specific way of writing commands
109
systems architect
the person who coordinates all of the technical aspects of the project, such as what hardware to use, what programming environments (IDE) to code in, and what data structures are needed
110
systems designer
a person responsible for defining and planning how the software will satisfy the requirements, usually through models, flowcharts, and instructions
111
target users
intended audience for the product
112
technical requirements
the technical issues that must be met to successfully complete a project
113
test plan
a blueprint that defines how testing is to proceed
114
type casting
the process of changing one data type to another
115
Unified Modeling Language (UML)
a general purpose modeling language that consists of a set of diagrams, flow charts, maps or flow diagrams with information on inputs and outputs
116
user interface
the way users interact with the software
117
user personas
descriptions of a product’s likely user types to aid in software design
118
validate
the process of checking inputted data to ensure it is in the correct format
119
validation
performing checks that user inputs are of a valid format and value
120
variable
an element of a program that stores a value, which can be changed
121
version control
a system that allows programmers to modify code without worrying about permanently changing something that should not be changed
122
virtual reality
technology that allows users to move around in a virtual 3D space
