Covalent Molecular Flashcards
(13 cards)
what is covalent bonding?
non metals sharing valance electrons to become stable
what are some examples of covalent molecular?
Oxygen, Water, & Carbon Dioxide
what are their properties?
- non malleable / brittle
- dull
- soft (e.g flour)
- low melting point
- poor conductors
why is it dull?
because of electrons that are localised, stuck within covalent bonds, thus cannot reflect light
why does it have a low melting / boiling point?
because of weak attraction between molecules. Molecules aren’t charged ions so they don’t attract, thus intermolecular forces are easily disrupted.
why are they soft?
they are too small to exert force back at you.
why are they poor conductors?
because electrons are localised within covalent bonds, thus charge cannot flow
what are the shapes?
- V shape / bent
- linear
- tetrahedral
- trigonal pyramidal
- trigonal planar
an example of linear and non polar
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
an example of trigonal pyramidal and polar
NH3
an example of trigonal planar
BF3
an example of tetrahedral
CH4, CClH3
an example of v-shaped / bent
H2O
