CP 06 - Chlorination Flashcards
(13 cards)
How do you test for an aldehyde?
Warm the solution. The presence of a silver mirror confirms an aldehyde.
Example: Using Benedict’s solution with H2SO4 and heat turns an orange solution green.
How do you test for a carboxylic acid?
Add a reagent. Add an alcohol and acid (e.g., H2SO4) to produce glue or gas that can be tested with limewater.
Example: A reactive metal will cause effervescence as H2 is released.
How do you test for ammonium (NH4) ions?
Add an equal volume of NaOH to the sample and warm the solution. Test the gas released with damp red litmus paper.
If the litmus paper turns blue, ammonium ions are present.
How do you test for group 7 / halide ions?
To the compound being tested, add nitric acid and silver nitrate. Record observations.
What are the results from the reactions of halide ions with silver nitrate and ammonia?
Add dilute and then concentrated ammonia to the samples of the solution.
How do you test for carbonate (CO3^2-) and hydrogencarbonate (HCO3-) ions?
The solution will effervesce if carbonate or hydrogencarbonate ions are present.
How do you test for sulfate (SO4^2-) ions?
Add HCl and BaCl2 to the suspected sulfate solution.
If sulfate ions are present, a white precipitate of BaSO4 will form.
What is the order of testing ions?
Test for carbonate first, then sulfate, and finally halide to prevent false positive results.
How can a flame test be used to identify
metal ions?
● Clean wire loop with H2SO4
or HCl
● Dip the loop into the sample.
● Place the loop into a blue flame (using a bunsen
burner).
● Record the colour of the flame.
what are the grp 1 flame colours
What are some group 2 metal ion flame
colours?
How can you use sodium hydroxide to
identify cations?
● Dissolve the unknown substance in water.
● Add aqueous NaOH dropwise, until in
excess and no further change occurs.
What are the results from the reactions
between cations and NaOH?
