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BSCPE2-01 > CPE 041 DATACOM > Flashcards

CPE 041 DATACOM Flashcards

1
Q

The three major fields of electronics are _____. The largest is the _____.

A

computer, communications, and control

computer field.

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2
Q

_______ is the basic process of exchanging information.

A

Communication

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3
Q

Two of the main barriers to human communication are

A

language and distance.

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4
Q

An early form of long-distance communication is of waving a flag in which referred to as

A

semaphore.

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5
Q

Electronic communications came into being in the _____

A

late nineteenth century

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6
Q

The telegraph was invented in _____ and the telephone in _____.

A

1844, 1876.

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7
Q

In _____, radio was discovered, and it was demonstrated in _____.

A

1887, 1895

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8
Q

Most human communication is _____ even though there is a glut of _____ communication.

A

oral, written

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9
Q

The three main elements of any communications system are _____.

A

transmitter, receiver, channel or medium

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10
Q

The three major types of communications paths(media) are_____.

A

wire, radio, fiber-optic cable

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11
Q

The _____ converts the message into a form compatible with the selected medium.

A

transmitter

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12
Q

In most systems, a human generates a message that we call the

A

information, or intelligence signal.

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13
Q

______ is the general term applied to any interference that degrades the transmitted information.

A

Noise

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14
Q

is the medium by which the electronic signal is sent from one place to another.

A

communications channel or medium

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15
Q

In its simplest form, the medium may simply be a pair of wires that carry a voice signal from a microphone to a headset.

A

Electrical Conductors

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16
Q

The communication medium may also be a fiber-optic cable or “light pipe” that carries the message on a light wave.

A

Optical Media.

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17
Q

When ______ is the medium, the resulting system is known as _____.

A

free space, radio

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18
Q

is the broad general term applied to any form of wireless communication from one point to another.

A

Radio

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19
Q

________ is another collection of electronic components and circuits that accept the transmitted message from the channel and convert it back into a form understandable by humans.

A

receiver

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20
Q

Most communication equipment incorporates circuits that both send and receive. These units are commonly referred to as ________

A

Transceiver

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21
Q

Undesirable interference in communications is _____ which is added to the signal in the _____

A

Noise, Communication Channel

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22
Q

The transmission medium greatly _____ and ________ the transmitted signal.

A

degrades, attenuates

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23
Q

There are three ways in which electronic communication is classified:

A

one-way or two-way transmissions, analog or digital signals, and baseband or modulated signals.

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24
Q

The simplest way in which electronic communication is conducted is one way communications, normally referred to as ______.

A

simplex

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25
The _________ system transmits information about the physical status of the satellite including its position and temperature.
telemetry
26
The bulk of electronic communications is ____.
two way
27
Such two-way communications is referred to as _________
Duplex
28
Another form of two-way communications is where only one party transmits at a time. This is known as ______
half duplex
29
An _________ is a continuously varying voltage or current.
analog signal
30
______ in contrast to analog signals, do not vary continuously, but change in steps or in discrete increments.
Digital signals
31
___________ are electronic techniques for transmitting information efficiently from one place to another.
Modulation and multiplexing
32
________ allows more than one signal to be transmitted concurrently over a single medium.
multiplexing
32
_______ makes the information signal more compatible with the medium
Modulation
33
Regardless of whether the original information signals are analog or digital, they are all referred to as ___________
baseband signals
34
Putting the original voice, video, or digital signals directly into the medium is referred to as _______
baseband transmission
35
_______ is the process of having a baseband, voice, video, or digital signal modify another higher frequency signal called the _______.
Modulation, carrier
36
Electromagnetic signals, which can travel through space for long distances, are also referred to as _________
radio-frequency (RF) waves, or just radio waves.
37
The carrier is fed to a circuit called a modulator along with the baseband intelligence signal. The intelligence signal changes the carrier in a unique way. The modulated carrier is amplified and sent to the antenna for transmission. This process is called _______.
broadband transmission
38
In ___________, the baseband information signal called the ________ varies the amplitude of the higher-frequency carrier signal.
amplitude modulation (AM), modulating signal
39
The three ways to make the baseband signal change the carrier sine wave are to __________
vary its amplitude, vary its frequency, or vary its phase angle.
40
In ___________, the information signal varies the frequency of the carrier. The carrier amplitude remains constant.
frequency modulation (FM)
41
Varying the phase angle produces ____________.
phase modulation (PM)
41
Two common examples of transmitting digital data by modulation are:
frequency-shift keying (FSK)and phase-shift keying (PSK).
42
Devices called ________ translate the data from digital to analog and back again.
modems(modulator-demodulator)
43
Both FM and PM are forms of __________.
angle modulation
44
At the receiver, the carrier with the intelligence signal is amplified and then demodulated to extract the original baseband signal. Another name for the demodulation process is _______.
detection.
45
_________ is the process of allowing two or more signals to share the same medium or channel.
Multiplexing
46
A _________ converts the individual baseband signals to a composite signal.
Multiplexer
47
There are three basic types of multiplexing
frequency division, time division, and code division.
48
In ___________, the intelligence signals modulate subcarriers on different frequencies that are then added together, and the composite signal is used to modulate the carrier.
frequency-division multiplexing
49
In ________________, the multiple intelligence signals are sequentially sampled, and a small piece of each is used to modulate the carrier.
time-division multiplexing
50
In ___________, the signals to be transmitted are converted to digital data that is then uniquely coded with a faster binary code.
code-division multiplexing
51
Three common sources of interference are _____.
the atmosphere, manufactured equipment, thermal agitation in components
52
One-way communications is called_____. An example is _____.
simplex, radio and TV broadcasting
53
Simultaneous two-way communications is called _____. An example is _____.
full duplex, telephone communications
54
Two-way communications where each parry takes turns transmitting is referred to as_____.
half duplex
55
Voice and video signals are continuous _____ voltages
analog
56
On/off or coded signals are referred to _____ as signals.
digital
57
Voice and video signals may be transmitted digitally if they are first passed through a(n) _____.
analog-to-digital converter
58
An original voice, video, or data voltage is called the _____ signal.
base band
59
To make the transmitted signal compatible with the medium, the process of _____ must be used where the _____ signal is impressed upon a higher-frequency signal called the_____.
Modulation. base band, carrier
60
Recovering the originally transmitted signal is called_____.
demulation or detection
61
The process of transmitting two or more baseband signals simultaneously over a common medium is called _____
multiplexing
62
Two methods of transmitting visual data over the telephone network are_____.
facsimile, teletext
63
A common household remote-control unit is the_____.
garage door opener
64
The signaling of individuals at remote locations is called _____.
paging
65
Performing, recording, and analyzing measurements at a distance is done with _____ equipment.
telemetry
66
Radio astronomy is based on the fact that stars and other heavenly bodies emit_____.
radio waves
67
List four ways radio is used in the telephone system _____
microwave relay, satellites, cordless phones, cellular phones
68
Radar is based on the use of _____ radio signals.
reflected
69
Underwater radar is called _____.
sonar (active)
70
The two types of sonar are _____.
active, passive
71
The radio communications hobby is called _____.
amateur or "ham" radio
72
Computers exchange digital data over the telephone network by using devices called _____.
modems
73
Limited interconnections of PCs and other computers in offices or buildings are called _____.
local area networks
74
Signals that travel through free space for long distances are called _____.
electromagnetic waves or radio-frequency (RF) waves
75
Radio waves are made up of _____ fields.
electric, magnetic
76
wavelength formula
lambda = c/f
77
Common power line frequencies of _____ and _____ Hz are in the _____ range.
50, 60, ELF
78
Audio signals are not transmitted by electromagnetic waves because a. Antennas would be too long. b. Audio signals do not radiate. c. Simultaneous transmissions would interfere. d. The frequency is too low. (Choose all that apply.)
c
79
The human hearing range is approximately _____ to _____ Hz.
20, 20,000
80
The frequency range of the human voice is _____ to _____ Hz.
300, 3000
81
True or false. Radio transmissions do not occur in the VLF and LF ranges.
false
82
AM broadcast stations are in the _____ range.
Medium Frequency (MF) 535 to 1605 kHz
83
HF signals are also called _____.
short waves
84
TV (channels 2 to 13) and FM broadcasting is in the _____ part of the spectrum.
VHF
85
FM Broadcasting frequency range
88-108 Mhz
86
List five major uses of the UHF band.
land mobile, cellular telephones, military, radar and navigation, amateur radio
87
The SHF and EHF ranges are primarily used by _____ communications.
radar, satellite
88
Frequencies above 1 GHz are called _____.
microwaves
89
The frequencies just beyond the EHF range are called _____ waves.
millimeter
90
One micron is the same as _____ m.
1 / 1,000,000
91
Infrared signals are usually derived from _____ sources.
heat
92
The spectrum range of infrared signals is _____ to _____ m
0.7, 10
93
One angstrom is equal to _____ m.
1 / 10.000
94
The visible light range is from _____ to _____Ǻ.
4000,8000
95
Light signals can use two mediums in electronic communications _____.
fiber-optic cables, free space
96
The spectrum space occupied by a signal is called the _____.
bandwidth
97
The new signals above and below the carrier frequency produced by the modulation process are called _____.
sidebands
98
Wide-bandwidth signals must be transmitted at _____ frequencies.
higher
99
Percentage wise, there is less spectrum space at the _____ frequencies.
lower
100
Many communications electronics techniques are designed in order to conserve _____.
spectrum space
101
Electronic communications in the United States is regulated by a set of laws called the ____
Communications Act of 1934
102
The regulatory body for electronic communications in the United States is the _____.
Federal Communications Commission
103
Government and military communications are coordinated by the _____.
National Telecommunications and Information Administration
104
The electromagnetic spectrum is managed worldwide by the_____ organization.
International Telecommunications Union
105
Their _______ is measured in cycles per second (cps) or hertz (Hz).
frequency
106
The range of electromagnetic signals encompassing all frequencies is referred to as the_________.
electromagnetic spectrum
107
In electronics, ________ is the number of cycles of a repetitive wave that occurs in each period.
frequency
108
Frequency is measured in ________.
cycles per second (cps)
109
the unit of frequency is the _____, named for the German physicist ________, who was a pioneer in the field of electromagnetics.
hertz (Hz), Heinrich Hertz
110
_______ is the distance occupied by one cycle of a wave, and it isusually expressed in meters.
Wavelength

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